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. 2020 Apr 28;11:526. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00526

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Kaempferol binds with VEGF. (A) Structure of kaempferol (left) was shown, and protein structure of VEGF (i.e. VEGF-A) was downloaded from PDB for performing molecular auto-docking. Visualization of the binding interaction of kaempferol-VEGF was shown (right). VEGF: green; kaempferol: sticks, color of carbon: pink, oxygen: red, hydrogen: silver; the proposed binding site: yellow. (B) UPLC chromatogram was used to detect the amount of kaempferol in supernatant after biotinylated VEGF or VEGF (66.1 ng/ml) in an immunoprecipitation assay by streptavidin magnetic beads (left panel). The heated denature VEGF was tested for binding to kaempferol (right panel). (C) The binding of VEGF with kaempferol was interfered in the present of heparin (500 μg/ml; left panel). (D) Having an electrospray ionization (ESI) source with ionization set at the positive mode of a mass spectrometer, the mass-charge ratio of kaempferol was determined (right panel). The typical figure was demonstrated, n = 3. VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.