Textbox 2.

Implementation science research protocols used to “unlock” the changes and challenges in enabling breastfeeding environment and related HPM elements assessed for each protocol

1) Committee member interviews aimed to understand BBF committee members' experiences, lessons learned and key recommendations for decision makers to evaluate and improve the BBF toolbox and facilitate its implementation at the country level. Main HPM elements assessed: Leadership and partnerships and agenda‐setting. 2) Stakeholder network mapping aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the stakeholders involved in the decision‐making of breastfeeding within each country to translate evidence‐based recommendations into action. Main HPM elements assessed: Agenda‐setting as well as policy formation and adoption. 3) Motivational interviews with decision makers aimed to identify the factors involved in or influencing the decision‐making process of high‐level individuals with the power (i.e. level of influence) to make changes recommended by the country BBF committee. Main HPM elements assessed: Agenda‐setting and implementation. 4) Media survey and policy review aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the changes (advances and performance) involving breastfeeding within each country and to identify opportunities to enable policy and governance that will strengthen the breastfeeding environment. Through a documentation of media coverage and policy changes in breastfeeding within Mexico and Ghana over the past year. Main HPM elements assessed: Policy formation and adoption and implementation. 5) Costing framework for breastfeeding programmes aimed to develop a costing methodology for (a) extension of maternity‐leave to formal workers and implementation of social protection maternity leave for the informal workers and (b) scaling up of baby‐friendly hospital initiative (BFHI). Main HPM elements assessed: Agenda‐setting, policy formation and adoption, and implementation. 6) BBF reassessment aimed to access progress and changes in the breastfeeding enabling environment after 18 months following the first BBF assessment. Main HPM elements assessed: Evaluation, leadership and partnerships and agenda‐setting.