Table 2.
Sonographic findings in foals with gastrointestinal disease
| All cases | Cases with necrotising GI | |
|---|---|---|
| Sonogram performed | 62/89 (69.9%) | 24/27 (88.9%) |
| Abnormal region of GI | SI 19/52, LI 8/52, none 4/52, SI and LI 20/52 | SI 8/23, LI 5/23, none 0/23, SI and LI 10/23 |
| Ileus | 15/57 (26.3%) | 7/23 (30.4%) |
| PI | 19/62 (30.6%) | 19/24 (79.1%)* |
| Gastric echogenicity | 1/45 (2.2%) | 1/21 (4.7%) |
| Gastric contents | 8/41 (19.5%) | 5/19 (26.3%) |
| Gastric wall thickness (mm) | 3.4 ± 2.1 | 3.4 ± 2.8 |
| Duodenal echogenicity | 1/24 (4.2%) | 0/10 (0%) |
| Duodenal function | 19/33 (57.6%) | 11/17 (64.7%) |
| Duodenal wall thickness (mm) | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 2.4 ± 1.0 |
| Jejunal echogenicity | 17/54 (31.4%) | 12/22 (54.5%) |
| Jejunal function | 36/54 (66.7%) | 15/23 (65.2%) |
| Jejunal wall thickness (mm) | 3.3 ± 1.7 | 3.5 ± 2.0 |
| Colonic echogenicity | 10/56 (17.8%) | 10/22 (45.4%)* |
| Colonic function | 25/52 (48.1%) | 12/22 (54.5%) |
| Colonic wall thickness (mm) | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 1.6 |
| Caecal echogenicity | 3/21 (14.2.%) | 2/7 (28.5%) |
| Caecal function | 8/14 (57.1%) | 6/7 (85.7%) |
| Caecal wall thickness (mm) | 2.5 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 2.3 |
| Peritoneal fluid | 14/54 (25.9%) | 5/20 (25.0%) |
| Focal fluid | 1/54 (1.8%) | 1/20 (5%) |
| Liver | 1/57 (1.8%) | 0/22 (0%) |
Results are presented as abnormal individuals/total and percentages in parenthesis. Continuous data are presented as mean ± s.d. PI = pneumatosis intestinalis. SI = small intestine, LI = large intestine. * denotes variables for which significant differences were found between the 2 groups (P<0.05).