Table 2.
Various studies based on HPLC techniques for biogenic amine detection in food and beverages.
| Food sample | Analyte | Extraction | Stationary phase | Derivatizing/detector | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meat and meat products | His, Tyr, Phm, Put, Cad, Trp, Agm, Spr, Spd | 7.5% TCA | Cation-exchange | OPA/Fluorescence (ex: 330 nm; em: 465 nm) | Triki et al. [49] |
| Fermented meat | His, Spr, Spd, Cad, Put, Phm, Tyr, Trp | 0.4 M HClO4 | C18 | Dbs-Cl/UV (450 nm) | De Mey et al. [50] |
| Chicken meat | Tyr, Put, Cad, Spd, Spr | 5% HClO4 | C18 | Bnz-Cl/DAD (198 nm) | Lazaro et al. [37–39] |
| Fish products | His, Put, Tyr | 0.4 M HClO4 | ODS2 150A column | Dns-Cl/PDA (254 nm) | Bilgin and Genccelep [51] |
| Fish meat | Put, Cad | 5% HClO4 | C18 | Bnz-Cl/UV (198 nm) | Rodrigues et al. [41] |
| Fish meat | His, Spr, Spd, Cad, Put, Tyr, Phm, Trp | 5% TCA | C18 | LC-ESI-MS/MS | Sagratini et al. [24] |
| Cheese | His, Cad, Spr, Tryp, Hex | UA-DLLME | C18 | BCEC-Cl/FLD | Wu et al. [52] |
| Cheese | His, Spr, Spd, Put, Tyr, Cad, Agm, Phm | SPE | Cation-exchange | No derivative step/ELSD | Spizzirri et al. [20] |
| Corn oil | His, Put, Tyr, Cad, Tryp, Spr, Spd | Solvent extraction | C18 | Dns-Cl/UV-visible | Yoon et al. [53] |
| Chocolate, vegetables, and fruits | Tyr | Solvent extraction | RP-18e | No derivatizing/FLD-DAD | Baranowska and Plonka [54] |
| Fresh milk and fish | His | 6% TCA | Reversed-phase 18 | Dns-Cl/UV-visible | Arulkumar et al. [55] |
| Soy sauce | His, Spd, Put, Tyr, Trp, Spr | Acetonitrile | C18 | HPLC-MS/MS | Dong and Xiao [56] |
| Fermented cow's and goat's milk | His, Tyr, Cad, Put, Spd | Solvent extraction | ODS2 | Benzoyl-Cl/DAD | Costa et al. [57] |
| Beer | His, Cad, Tryp, Tyr, Spr | UA-DLLME | C18 | BCEC-Cl/FLD | Lazaro et al. [58] |
| Wine | His, Tyr, Put, Cad, Spr, Det, Dmet, Prop, Agm, Spd | Dilution with water | C18 | p-Toluenesulfonyl chloride/MS/MS | Nalazek-Rudnicka and Wasik [59] |
| Wine | His, Tyr, Cad, Hex, Spr, 2-pe | UA-DLLME | C18 | BCEC-Cl/FLD | Wu et al. [52] |
| Milk | His, Put, Spd, Spr, Agm, Cad, Tyr, Trp, Phm | SSA | C18 | OPA/Fluorescence (ex: 340 nm; em:445 nm) | Gloria et al. [60] |
Biogenic amine: agmatine (Agm), amylamine (Am), butylamine (But), cadaverine (Cad), diethylamine (Det), dimethylamine (Dmet), dopamine (Dop), ethylamine (Et), ethanolamine (Eth), heptylamine (Hep), 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (Hex), histamine (His), isoamylamine (Iam), isobutyamine (Ibut), methylamine (Met), nitrosamine (Ntr), 2-phenylethylamine (Phm/2-PE), piperidine (Pip), propylamine (Prop), putrescine (Put), spermine (Spr), spermidine (Spd), tryptamine (Trm/Tryp), and tyramine (Tyr). Extraction: direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MPSD), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), perchloric acid (HClO4), sulphosalicylic acid (SSA), solid-phase extraction (SPE), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME), and ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-LLE). Derivatize agent: benzoyl chloride (Bnz-Cl) (N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide and trimethlchlorosilane) (BSA + TMCS), 2-(11H-benzo[a]carbazol-11-yl) ethyl carbonochloridate (BCEC-Cl), dabsyl chloride (Dbs-Cl), dansyl chloride (Dns-Cl), heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA), isobutyl chloroformate (IBCF), o-orthophthalaldeyde (OPA), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Chromatography/detectors: atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI), diode-array detection (DAD), electrospray ionization (ESI), evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD), fluorescence detection (FLD), mass spectrometry (MS), and quadrupole time-of-flight (QToF).