Table 4.
Characteristics and bivariate analysis of study participants by BMI at their last clinic visit (BMI-2) at Princess Marina Hospital and Bontleng anti-retroviral therapy clinics in Botswana categorized as underweight, normal and overweight/obesity (N = 531).
| Characteristics | †BMI after patients' initiation on ART (BMI-2) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Underweight | Normal BMI | ††Overweight/obesity | UOR | P-value | |
| Age after ART initiation [years, mean ± SD] | 47.6 ± 9.6 | 50.1 ± 14.1 | 47.6 ± 9.6 | 47.3 ± 8.5 | — | 0.180 |
|
| ||||||
| ART regimen | ||||||
| Second/third-line, n (%) | 208 (39.2) | 13 (29.5) | 101 (43.3) | 88 (36.5) | 1† | — |
| First-line, n (%) | 323 (60.8) | 31 (70.5) | 132 (56.7) | 153 (63.5) | 1.2 | 0.250 |
| Duration of exposure to ART (months, mean ± SD) | 84.9 ± 29.7 | 91.7 ± 28.0 | 87 ± 30.1 | 81 ± 29.3 | — | 0.190 |
|
| ||||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 163 (30.7) | 28 (63.6) | 89 (38.2) | 45 (18.7) | 1† | — |
| Female, n (%) | 368 (69.3) | 16 (36.4) | 144 (61.8) | 196 (81.3) | 3.0 | 0.001∗ |
|
| ||||||
| CD4 cell count/mm3at last clinic visit | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 515 (310–691) | 444 (270–597) | 513 (375–686) | 577 (416–732) | — | 0.001∗ |
|
| ||||||
| CD4 cell count/mm3categories at last clinic visit | ||||||
| ≥350, n (%) | 421 (79.3) | 22 (50.0) | 183 (78.5) | 216 (89.6) | 1† | — |
| Nadir (0–200), n (%) | 34 (6.4) | 8 (18.2) | 17 (7.3) | 8 (3.3) | 0.29 | 0.003∗ |
| 201–349, n (%) | 76 (14.3) | 14 (31.8) | 33 (14.2) | 17 (7.1) | 0.27 | 0.001∗ |
|
| ||||||
| DRC | ||||||
| Absent, n (%) | 442 (83.2) | 40 (90.9) | 201 (86.3) | 189 (78.4) | 1† | — |
| Present, n (%) | 89 (16.8) | 4 (9.1) | 32 (13.7) | 52 (21.6) | 1.88 | 0.007∗ |
ART = antiretroviral therapy; BMI = body mass index; overweight/obesity = overweight or obesity and morbidly obese; UOR = unadjusted odds ratio; DRC = diabetes-related comorbidity; SD = standard deviation; ∗p < 0.05; †reference group; ††outcome of interest.