Table 5.
Predictors of overweight/obesity and factors independently associated with BMI changes among HIV patients after ART initiation at Princess Marina Hospital and Bontleng anti-retroviral therapy clinics in Botswana. Dependent variable: overweight/obesity (N = 531).
| Independent variables | Number (%) | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Age-2 (years, mean ± SD) | 47.6 ± 9.6 | 0.99 | 0.97–1.01 | 1.01 | 0.98–1.03 |
|
| |||||
| ART regimen | |||||
| Second- or third-line | 208 (39.2) | 1† | — | 1† | — |
| First-line | 323 (60.8) | 1.2 | 0.86–1.74 | 1.22 | 0.82–1.79 |
|
| |||||
| Duration of exposure (months, mean ± SD) | 84.9 ± 29.7 | 0.95 | 0.88–1.02 | 0.95 | 0.85–1.02 |
|
| |||||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 163 (30.7) | 1† | — | 1† | — |
| Female | 368 (69.3) | 3.00∗∗ | 2.00–4.45 | 2.84∗∗ | 1.83–4.42 |
|
| |||||
| CD4 cell count/mm3 | |||||
| ≥ 350 | 421 (79.3) | 1† | — | 1† | — |
| 201-249 | 76 (14.3) | 0.27∗∗ | 0.15–0.48 | 0.38∗ | 0.16–0.89 |
| Nadir (0–200) | 34 (6.4) | 0.29∗∗ | 0.13–0.66 | 0.30∗∗ | 0.17–0.55 |
|
| |||||
| DRC | |||||
| Absent | 442 (83.2) | 1† | — | 1† | — |
| Present | 89 (16.8) | 1.88∗∗ | 1.18–2.98 | 2.2∗∗ | 1.18–3.39 |
Age-2 = age at the last clinic visit; ART = antiretroviral therapy; DRC = diabetes-related comorbidity; OR = odd ratio; CI = confidence interval; ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.001; Cox and Snell R2 = 0.12; Hosmer and Lemeshow p = 0.14; †reference group.