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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020 Apr 2;40(5):1078–1093. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.313131

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Vascular calcification resembles the process of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, involving osteogenic differentiation, matrix maturation and mineralization. Systemic and local microenvironmental conditions associated with atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, CKD and aging induce osteogenic differentiation of vascular cells and promote matrix remodeling and mineralization, leading to vascular calcification.