Table 2.
Association between childhood and adolescence anthropometric characteristics and inflammatory biomarkers with apnea hypopnea index in adolescence
| Follow-up AHI | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Univariatea | Model 1b | Model 2c | |
| Baseline | |||
| Height, cm | 0.055 (0.393) | --- | --- |
| Weight, kg | 0.104(0.107) | --- | --- |
| zBMI, z-score | 0.064 (0.325) | --- | --- |
| BMI%, percentile | 0.072 (0.267) | --- | --- |
| Neck circumference, cm | 0.046 (0.496) | --- | --- |
| Waist circumference, cm | 0.203 (0.002) | 0.157 (0.038) | --- |
| Waist circumference > 85% | 0.236 (<0.001) | 0.227 (0.001) | 0.191 (0.002) |
| Hips circumference, cm | 0.063 (0.329) | --- | --- |
| Follow-up | |||
| Height, cm | 0.044 (0.491) | --- | --- |
| Weight, kg | 0.160 (0.012) | 0.120(0.109) | --- |
| zBMI, z-score | 0.112(0.082) | --- | --- |
| BMI%, percentile | 0.116(0.072) | --- | --- |
| Neck circumference, cm | 0.107(0.097) | --- | --- |
| Waist circumference, cm | 0.150 (0.020) | 0.109(0.115) | --- |
| Waist circumference ≥ 85% | 0.023 (0.720) | --- | --- |
| Hips circumference, cm | 0.048 (0.456) | --- | --- |
| Gynoid/whole ratio, % | −0.063 (0.349) | --- | --- |
| Android/whole ratio, % | 0.213 (0.001) | 0.196 (0.003) | NS |
| Subcutaneous tissue, cm2 | 0.136 (0.043) | 0.235 (0.013) | NS |
| Visceral tissue, cm2 | 0.318 (<0.001) | 0.309 (<0.001) | 0.249 (<0.001) |
| CRP, mg/L | 0.231 (0.001) | 0.221 (0.001) | 0.163 (0.007) |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 0.257 (<0.001) | 0.243 (<0.001) | 0.189 (0.002) |
| TNF-α, pg/mL | −0.038 (0.587) | --- | --- |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 0.019(0.785) | --- | --- |
| Adiponectin, μg/mL | 0.096(0.161) | --- | --- |
AHI = apnea hypopnea index. BMI = body mass index. CRP = C-reactive protein. IL-6 = interleukin-6. TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Data are standardized beta coefficients (p-value) from univariate linear regression models.
Data are standardized beta coefficients (p-value) from multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, race, adenotonsillectomy, and age and AHI at baseline (forced entry).
Data are standardized beta coefficients (p-value) from a multivariable stepwise linear regression model of all significant factors (backward elimination) adjusted for sex, race, adenotonsillectomy, and age and AHI at baseline (forced entry). NS = not-significant, i.e., did not enter the stepwise model.
Bold values indicate statistical significance at p ≤ 0.05.