Table 3.

Computer-assisted sperm assessment LS means for Exp1¹

	Treatment extender				SE	P values
	0 mM	51 mM	102 mM	205 mM		TRT	TRT × Day	TRT × Season
Mobility parameter
ALH, µm	5.2a	5.6ab	5.9bc	5.9c	0.2	<0.001	<0.001	0.011
BCF, µm/s	34.6a	33.1b	31.5c	23.1d	0.4	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
DAP, µm	26.9a	28.8b	30.8c	21.9d	0.9	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
DCL, µm	45.8a	47.9a	50.8b	42.5c	1.3	<0.001	<0.001	0.858
DSL, µm	22.5a	23.9a	25.3b	16.1c	0.9	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
LIN, %	51.0a	51.8a	51.6a	40.8b	2.2	<0.001	0.832	0.049
STR, %	83.4a	82.5ab	81.6b	72.9c	1.5	<0.001	<0.001	0.015
VAP, µm/s	64.9a	70.9b	77.1c	53.2d	2.2	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
VCL, µm/s	111.4a	118.5a	127.5b	102.6c	4.7	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
VSL, µm/s	54.3a	58.8b	63.5c	39.1d	2.1	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
WOB, %	60.1a	61.6b	62.1b	54.7c	1.5	<0.001	0.001	0.011
Motility parameter
Total motility, %	74.7a	78.5ab	80.7b	55.5c	4.7	<0.001	<0.001	0.111
Progressive motility, %	68.9a	71.5a	73.1a	46.3b	4.2	<0.001	<0.001	0.052

TRT= betaine concentration in extender; Day = day of semen analysis; Season = season study was conducted in (summer vs. winter); ALH = anterior lateral head displacement; BCF = beat cross frequency; DSL = straight-line distance; DAP = average path distance; DCL = curvilinear distance; LIN = linearity; STR = straightness; VSL = straight-line velocity; VAP = average path velocity; VCL = curvilinear velocity; WOB = wobble.

¹ Columns within rows separated by differing letters are different (P < 0.05).