Table 2.
Prevalence of metabolic risk factors at different cut-off points for hyperuricemia in the VHM&PP cohort at baseline.
| Men (n = 85,211) | Women (n = 61,662) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperuricemia: SUA ≥ 420 μmol/L | Hyperuricemia: SUA ≥ 340 μmol/L | |||
| No (n = 72,325) | Yes (n = 12,886) | No (n = 53,184) | Yes (n = 8,478) | |
| Obesity, n (%) | ||||
| No | 66341 (91.8) | 10207 (79.2) | 45844 (86.2) | 5604 (66.1) |
| Yes | 5964 (8.2) | 2674 (20.8) | 7324 (13.8) | 2872 (33.9) |
| Missing | 20 (.) | 5 (.) | 16 (.) | 2 (.) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
| Non-smokers | 46301 (64) | 7749 (60.1) | 41883 (78.8) | 6931 (81.8) |
| Smokers | 26024 (36) | 5137 (39.9) | 11301 (21.2) | 1547 (18.2) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | ||||
| No | 59661 (83) | 10346 (81.1) | 45099 (85.4) | 6307 (75.5) |
| Yes | 12194 (17) | 2416 (18.9) | 7708 (14.6) | 2044 (24.5) |
| Missing | 470 (.) | 124 (.) | 377 (.) | 127 (.) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | ||||
| No | 44626 (61.8) | 5693 (44.2) | 29599 (55.7) | 2622 (31) |
| Yes | 27632 (38.2) | 7186 (55.8) | 23532 (44.3) | 5847 (69) |
| Missing | 67 (.) | 7 (.) | 53 (.) | 9 (.) |
| Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%) | ||||
| No | 59716 (82.6) | 7931 (61.7) | 48508 (91.2) | 6185 (73.1) |
| Yes | 12563 (17.4) | 4921 (38.3) | 4656 (8.8) | 2281 (26.9) |
| Missing | 46 (.) | 34 (.) | 20 (.) | 12 (.) |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | ||||
| No | 29240 (40.4) | 3298 (25.6) | 15446 (29) | 1562 (18.4) |
| Yes | 43063 (59.6) | 9581 (74.4) | 37727 (71) | 6909 (81.6) |
| Missing | 22 (.) | 7 (.) | 11 (.) | 7 (.) |
| GGT, n (%) | ||||
| Normal | 68925 (95.4) | 10934 (84.9) | 50126 (94.3) | 7219 (85.3) |
| Elevated | 3349 (4.6) | 1938 (15.1) | 3023 (5.7) | 1245 (14.7) |
| Missing | 51 (.) | 14 (.) | 35 (.) | 14 (.) |
Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric level ≥420 μmol/L in men and ≥340 μmol/L in women (sex-specific cut-off point) or as a serum uric level ≥360 μmol/L if not taking gender into account (common cut-off point). Obesity was defined according to the WHO definition with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². Diabetes mellitus was defined as blood glucose level ≥6.94 mmol/L based on the WHO recommendations. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as triglyceride level ≥2.28 mmol/L. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as total cholesterol level ≥5.18 mmol/L. GGT levels ≥61 U/L for men and ≥36 U/L for women defined elevated GGT.