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. 2020 May 5;10:7578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64587-z

Table 2.

Prevalence of metabolic risk factors at different cut-off points for hyperuricemia in the VHM&PP cohort at baseline.

Men (n = 85,211) Women (n = 61,662)
Hyperuricemia: SUA ≥ 420 μmol/L Hyperuricemia: SUA ≥ 340 μmol/L
No (n = 72,325) Yes (n = 12,886) No (n = 53,184) Yes (n = 8,478)
Obesity, n (%)
No 66341 (91.8) 10207 (79.2) 45844 (86.2) 5604 (66.1)
Yes 5964 (8.2) 2674 (20.8) 7324 (13.8) 2872 (33.9)
Missing 20 (.) 5 (.) 16 (.) 2 (.)
Smoking status, n (%)
Non-smokers 46301 (64) 7749 (60.1) 41883 (78.8) 6931 (81.8)
Smokers 26024 (36) 5137 (39.9) 11301 (21.2) 1547 (18.2)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)
No 59661 (83) 10346 (81.1) 45099 (85.4) 6307 (75.5)
Yes 12194 (17) 2416 (18.9) 7708 (14.6) 2044 (24.5)
Missing 470 (.) 124 (.) 377 (.) 127 (.)
Hypertension, n (%)
No 44626 (61.8) 5693 (44.2) 29599 (55.7) 2622 (31)
Yes 27632 (38.2) 7186 (55.8) 23532 (44.3) 5847 (69)
Missing 67 (.) 7 (.) 53 (.) 9 (.)
Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%)
No 59716 (82.6) 7931 (61.7) 48508 (91.2) 6185 (73.1)
Yes 12563 (17.4) 4921 (38.3) 4656 (8.8) 2281 (26.9)
Missing 46 (.) 34 (.) 20 (.) 12 (.)
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%)
No 29240 (40.4) 3298 (25.6) 15446 (29) 1562 (18.4)
Yes 43063 (59.6) 9581 (74.4) 37727 (71) 6909 (81.6)
Missing 22 (.) 7 (.) 11 (.) 7 (.)
GGT, n (%)
Normal 68925 (95.4) 10934 (84.9) 50126 (94.3) 7219 (85.3)
Elevated 3349 (4.6) 1938 (15.1) 3023 (5.7) 1245 (14.7)
Missing 51 (.) 14 (.) 35 (.) 14 (.)

Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric level ≥420 μmol/L in men and ≥340 μmol/L in women (sex-specific cut-off point) or as a serum uric level ≥360 μmol/L if not taking gender into account (common cut-off point). Obesity was defined according to the WHO definition with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². Diabetes mellitus was defined as blood glucose level ≥6.94 mmol/L based on the WHO recommendations. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as triglyceride level ≥2.28 mmol/L. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as total cholesterol level ≥5.18 mmol/L. GGT levels ≥61 U/L for men and ≥36 U/L for women defined elevated GGT.