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. 2020 May 5;10:7536. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64416-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Blood parameters and behavioural tests. (A) Plasma bilirubin concentration in bile duct ligated (BDL) rats at each time-point. BDL rats before surgery and shams at all time points had plasma bilirubin levels under the detectable threshold of 0.5 mg/dl (dotted black line); plasma bilirubin levels in BDL rats were elevated from week 2 and rose through week 8. (B) Plasma NH4⁺ in BDL (grey line) and sham (black line) rats at each time point. NH4+ remained in physiological range in shams, and increased in BDL rats starting at week 4, reaching statistical significance at weeks 6 and 8 compared to week 0, 2 or shams. (C) Distance moved during Open Field test in sham (black) and BDL (grey) rats at each time point. (D) Difference in distance moved between BDL rats and shams at each time point. (E) Correlation between difference in distance moved and plasma bilirubin between weeks 4–8. *Comparison between shams and BDL at each time-point; *(grey) significance between time-points indicated on the graph.