Figure 2.
Anti-biofilm activity of the pitavastatin-fluconazole combination. The effect of the pitavastatin-fluconazole (FLC) combination was tested on the biofilm-forming ability of (a) C. albicans NR-29448, (b) C. glabrata HM-1123, and (c) C. auris 385, respectively. Fresh overnight cultures of the tested Candida strains were diluted 1:100 in RPMI 1640 medium. Cells were treated with pitavastatin (at 0.5 × MIC), fluconazole (FLC) at 2 µg/ml, or a combination of the two drugs, at the indicated concentration. Candida strains were incubated at 35 °C for 24 hours before discarding the non-adherent cells and staining the formed biofilms with 0.01% crystal violet. The absorbance of crystal violet-stained biofilms was measured at OD595. *Indicates a significant difference between each treatment compared to the non-treated control. Whereas # indicates a significant difference between the tested pitavastatin-fluconazole combination relative to the single treatment with either fluconazole or pitavastatin. The statistical significance was considered for P < 0.05 as determined by one-way ANOVA with posthoc Dunnet’s test for multiple comparisons.