. 2019 Sep 26;70(10):2036–2044. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz578

Table 2.

Case Characteristics, Clinical Manifestation, Symptoms at Disease Onset, and Severity of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Cases by Serogroup, the Netherlands, January 2015 to June 2018

	W		B		Y		C		Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	P Value^a
Age											<.001
Median (range), y	56 (0–97)		17 (0–96)		70 (0–95)		52 (0–93)		33 (0–97)		<.001
<10 y	18	8.9	108	40.9	1	1.6	3	11.5	130	23.2
10–19 y	29	14.3	53	19.3	7	11.1	2	7.7	91	16.2
20–64 y	85	41.9	73	27.4	14	22.2	11	42.3	183	32.6
≥65 y	71	35.0	35	13.0	41	65.1	10	38.5	157	28.0
Gender^b											.029
Female	134	66.0	143	53.0	37	58.7	13	50.0	327	58.2
Comorbidities											.009
No	123	74.5	165	86.4	31	66.0	16	84.2	335	79.6
Yes, immunocompromised	19	11.5	9	4.7	8	17.0	1	5.3	37	8.6
Yes, other	23	13.9	17	8.9	8	17.0	2	10.5	50	11.9
MenC vaccination											<.001
Yes	44	27.7	96	45.9	6	13.6	2	11.1	148	34.4
No	115	72.3	113	54.1	38	86.4	16	88.9	282	65.6
Clinical manifestations											<.001
Septicemia without meningitis	86	45.5	63	24.7	19	35.2	7	28.0	175	33.5
Septicemia and meningitis	11	5.8	25	9.8	7	13.0	1	4.0	44	8.4
Meningitis without septicemia	32	16.9	144	56.5	12	22.2	8	32.0	196	37.5
Mild, without S/M	17	9.0	14	5.5	3	5.6	5	20.0	39	7.5
Pneumonia, without S/M	23	12.2	4	1.6	10	18.5	1	4.0	38	7.3
Arthritis, without S/M	9	4.8	2	0.8	1	1.9	3	12.0	15	2.9
Other	11	5.8	3	1.2	2	3.7	0	0.0	16	3.1
Symptoms^c
Gastrointestinal											.056
No	81	56.6	76	57.1	23	62.2	11	78.6	191	58.4
Yes, without diarrhea	35	24.5	46	34.6	9	24.3	1	7.1	91	27.8
Yes, with diarrhea	27	18.9	11	8.3	5	13.5	2	14.3	45	13.8
Diarrhea											.061
No	113	80.7	114	91.2	31	88.6	10	83.3	268	85.9
Yes, with IMD-specific symptoms^d	5	3.6	5	4.0	0	0.0	1	8.3	11	3.5
Yes, without IMD-specific symptoms^d	22	15.7	6	4.8	4	11.4	1	8.3	33	10.6
Respiratory											<.001
No	79	55.2	115	84.6	25	67.6	11	78.6	230	69.7
Yes	64	44.8	21	15.4	12	32.4	3	21.4	100	30.3
Death
No	167	83.9	253	96.2	54	93.1	24	96.0	439	91.3
Yes	32	16.1	10	3.8	4	6.9	1	4.0	47	8.7
ICU^c											.160
No	74	58.3	76	63.9	14	46.7	9	81.8	173	60.3
Yes	53	41.7	43	36.1	16	53.3	2	18.2	114	39.7
Clonal complex^e
cc11	175	93.1	1	1.0	0	0.0	7	63.6	183	55.6
cc213	0	0.0	16	16.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	16	4.9
cc22	9	4.8	0	0.0	5	15.2	0	0.0	14	4.3
cc23	0	0.0	0	0.0	26	78.8	0	0.0	26	7.9
cc269	0	0.0	12	12.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	12	3.6
cc32	0	0.0	42	42.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	39	11.9
cc41/44	0	0.0	19	19.0	0	0.0	1	9.1	20	6.1
Other cc	4	2.1	10	10.0	2	6.1	3	27.3	19	5.8

Data are from January to June. Two cases of IMD-E (1 case) and IMD-X (1 case) are not included in the table. “Total” includes cases of serogroup W, B, Y, and C.

Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; IMD, invasive meningococcal disease; S/M, septicemia or meningitis.

^a P values for difference between variables and serogroups (W, B, Y, and C).

^bOne case with missing information on gender.

^cData available only since 2017.

^dIMD-specific symptoms: petechiae and/or neck stiffness.

^eClonal complex data based on isolates for which clonal complex was known; Data for IMD-W based on the full study period January 2015–June 2018; data for IMD-B, IMD-Y, and IMD-C based on the time period January 2017–June 2018.