Table 3.
Factors Correlated With Syphilis Self-testing Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men, 2018
| Characteristics | Model 1 (N = 699) | Model 2a (N = 406) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)b | No. (%) | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)b | |
| Disclosure of sexual orientation to health provider | ||||||
| Yes | 80 (26.1) | 1.12 (.79–1.58) | 1.07 (.74–1.53) | 79 (43.4) | 1.16 (.78–1.73) | 1.23 (.80–1.88) |
| No | 94 (24.0) | Ref | Ref | 89 (39.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Disclosure of sexual orientation to family or friends | ||||||
| Yes | 111 (31.0) | 1.98 (1.39–2.82)** | 1.90 (1.32–2.73)** | 110 (46.2) | 1.63 (1.08–2.45)** | 1.48 (.96–2.28) |
| No | 63 (18.5) | Ref | Ref | 58 (34.5) | Ref | Ref |
| Number of male sex partners in the last 3 months | ||||||
| 0 | 21 (17.9) | Ref | Ref | 20 (31.7) | Ref | Ref |
| 1 | 67 (23.6) | 1.41 (.82–2.44) | 1.43 (.80–2.45) | 66 (40.0) | 1.43 (.78–2.65) | 1.43 (.75–2.71) |
| 2~5 | 80 (29.0) | 1.87 (1.09–3.20)* | 1.81 (1.04–3.16)* | 76 (46.1) | 1.84 (1.00–3.39)* | 1.78 (.94–3.39) |
| ≥6 | 6 (27.3) | 1.71 (.60–4.90) | 1.67 (.57–4.88) | 6 (46.2) | 1.84 (.55–6.20) | 1.54 (.43–5.51) |
| Condomless anal intercourse in the past 3 months | ||||||
| Yes | 79 (25.0) | 1.01 (.72–1.43) | 1.02 (.71–1.45) | 75 (41.9) | 1.04 (.70–1.55) | 1.08 (.70–1.64) |
| No | 95 (24.8) | Ref | Ref | 93 (41.0) | Ref | Ref |
| Female sex partner in the past three months | ||||||
| Yes | 26 (23.9) | 0.94 (.58–1.51) | 0.96 (.55–1.68) | 24 (57.1) | 2.04 (1.07–3.89)* | 2.11 (1.02–4.34)* |
| No | 148 (25.1) | Ref | Ref | 144 (39.6) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever had substance used before or during sex | ||||||
| Yes | 96 (27.0) | 1.26 (.90–1.78) | 1.23 (.87–1.76) | 93 (44.1) | 1.26 (.85–1.87) | 1.10 (.72–1.66) |
| No | 78 (22.7) | Ref | Ref | 75 (38.5) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever had group sex | ||||||
| Yes | 41 (4.0) | 0.94 (.63–1.40) | 0.87 (.57–1.32) | 127 (41.0) | 1.07 (.68–1.71) | 0.92 (.56–1.49) |
| No | 133 (25.2) | Ref | Ref | 41 (42.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever had commercial sex (paid) | ||||||
| Yes | 40 (30.8) | 1.44 (.95–2.20) | 1.41 (.90–2.21) | 39 (60.9) | 2.58 (1.49–4.45)** | 2.18 (1.22–3.92)** |
| No | 134 (23.6) | Ref | Ref | 129 (37.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever had commercial sex (sold) | ||||||
| Yes | 36 (32.1) | 1.54 (.99–3.29) | 1.51 (.95–2.41) | 36 (67.9) | 3.54 (1.92–6.56)*** | 3.14 (1.65–5.96)*** |
| No | 138 (23.5) | Ref | Ref | 132 (37.4) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever had HIV testing | ||||||
| Yes | 170 (31.5) | 17.80 (6.49–48.84)*** | 20.07 (7.20–55.97)*** | … | … | … |
| No | 4 (2.5) | Ref | Ref | … | … | … |
| Ever had HIV self-testing | ||||||
| Yes | 168 (41.4) | 33.77 (14.69–77.61)*** | 39.90 (17.00–93.61)*** | … | … | … |
| No | 6 (2.0) | Ref | Ref | … | … | … |
| Ever tested for syphilis in the hospitalc | N = 361 | N = 267 | ||||
| Yes | 39 (30.0) | 0.33 (.21–.52)*** | 0.34 (.21–.54)*** | 38 (42.1) | 0.29 (.17–.50)*** | 0.30 (.18–.52)*** |
| No | 131 (56.7) | Ref | Ref | 128 (71.9) | Ref | Ref |
| Ever tested for syphilis in the community | N = 361 | N = 267 | ||||
| Yes | 56 (47.5) | 1.02 (.66–1.29) | 1.01 (.64–1.59) | 55 (64.7) | 1.17 (.69–2.00) | 1.22 (.70–2.15) |
| No | 114 (46.9) | Ref | Ref | 111 (61.0) | Ref | Ref |
*P < .05; **P < .01, ***P < .001.
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; cOR, crude odds ratio; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; Ref, reference.
aModel 2 presents subanalysis results of correlated with syphilis self-testing among those participants who had ever used HIV self-testing.
bMultivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, legal marital status, educational attainment, monthly income, and sexual orientation.
cThis analysis was restricted to participants who had ever tested for syphilis.