Table 3.

Biological risk factors on falls.

Reference	Year	Population demographics	Relevant parameters [odds ratio]
[69]	2012	Adults 65 years and older, with focus on adults 85 years and older	Activity limitation due to health problems [1.13]; use of assistive devices [2.18]; diabetes [1.2]; history of stroke [1.32]
[70]	2013	Adults 18–88 years with RA	Swollen or tender lower extremity joints [2.0]; history of stroke or Parkinson's disease [1.8]; history of ≥2 falls in previous 12 months [4.3]; symptoms of feeling dizzy or unsteady [1.8]
[66]	2007	Older adults	Weakness [8]; balance deficit [5]; gait deficit [5]; visual deficit [9]; mobility limitation [8]; cognitive impairment [5]; impaired functional status [4]; postural hypotension [5]
[67]	2016	Adults aged 60–95 years	Visual deficit [1.851]; chronic conditions [1.633]; vertigo [2.237]; imbalance [3.105]; fear of falling [3.227]; history of previous falls [5.661]; postural hypotension [0.804]; use of assistive devices [2.139]; hearing impairment [1.543]
[68]	1996	Adults 70 years or older living in homes for elderly	Mobility impairment [5.0]; dizziness upon standing [2.3]; history of stroke [3.4]; postural hypotension [2.0]; urinary incontinence [2.6]; use of walking aid [3.2]; visual deficit [1.7]; history of falls [3.5]
[71]	2016	Medical records of elderly hospitalized patients	Cancer [2.71]; vertigo [4.35]; weakness of lower legs [2.15]