Table 2.
Description of studies in the quantitative synthesis that examined correlates of wellbeing or mental health among YPLHIV in SSA (N = 10)
| Author year | World Bank Income Classification | Country | Setting | Study design | Data collection period | Type of participants | Recruited from | Outcome measured (scales used) | Total participated (N) | Mean age (SD) | Female n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Abebe et al., 2019) | Low income (Eastern) | Ethiopia |
Addis Ababa (Urban) |
Cross-sectional | May-Jun 2016 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (15–24 yrs.) |
Public hospitals | Depressive symptoms (BDI-II) | 507 | 18.6 (3.02) | 272 (69) |
| (Kim et al., 2015) | Low income (Southern) | Malawi |
Zomba, Lilongwe (Urban) |
Cross-sectional | 2012 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (12–18 yrs.) |
Paediatric HIV clinic, ART clinic in hospital | Depressive symptoms (BDI II, CDRS-R) | 562 | 14.5 (2.0) | 315 (56) |
| (Mbalinda et al., 2015) | Low income (Eastern) | Uganda | Eastern, western and northern regions-(Mixed) | Cross-sectional | Sept 2013-Mar 2014 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (10–19 yrs.), peri-natally HIV-infected |
Public and non-profit private healthcare facilities (n = 4) | Health-related quality of life (MOS-HIV) | 614 | 16.2 (2.1) | 361 (58.8) |
| (Mutumba et al., 2017) | Low income (Eastern) | Uganda | Kampala (Urban) | Cross-sectional | May- Sept 2013 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (12–19 yrs.), aware of HIV status, no clinically documented cognitive limitations |
NPO ARV Clinic- Joint Clinical Research Centre | Psychological distress (Psychological distress measure) | 464 | 15.6 (2.21) | 249 (53) |
| (Dow et al., 2016) | Low income (Eastern) | Tanzania |
Moshi (Urban) |
Cross-sectional |
Dec 2013-May 2014 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (12–24 yrs.), aware of HIV status, living with family and attending a HIV- youth programme |
HIV youth clinic | Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), mental health difficulties (SDQ) | 182 | 17.2 (2.9) | 99 (54) |
| (Gaitho et al., 2018) | Lower middle income (Eastern) | Kenya | Nairobi (Urban) | Cross-sectional | Aug-Dec 2016 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (10–19 yrs.) |
Comprehensive Care Clinic in Hospital |
Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) |
270 | 14.75 (2.6) | 125 (47.3) |
| (Okawa et al., 2018) | Lower middle income (Southern) | Zambia |
Lusaka (Urban) |
Cross-sectional (Mixed-methods) | Apr-Jul 2014 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (15–19 yrs.), aware of HIV status, registered as clients at the HIV centres |
Paediatric and AdultHIV Centres of Excellence -University Teaching Hospital | Depressive symptoms (CES-D) | 190 | 16 (NR) | 110 (57.9) |
| (Gentz et al., 2017) | Upper middle income (Southern) | Namibia | Katutura, Windhoek (Peri-urban) | Cross-sectional | July 2013-Mar 2014 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (12–18 yrs.), aware of HIV status |
Paediatric ARV clinic in hospital | Mental health difficulties (SDQ) | 99 | 14.3 (1.8) | 52 (52.5) |
| (Earnshaw et al., 2018) | Upper middle income (Southern) | South Africa | Johannesburg (Peri-urban) | Cross-sectional | Nov 2015-Jul 2016 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (13–24 yrs.), aware of HIV status, peri-natal HIV-infection |
Paediatric Wellness Clinic- in hospital |
Depressive symptoms (BDI-II) |
250 | 16.34 (2.67) | 103 (41) |
| (Woollett et al., 2017) | Upper middle income (Southern) | South Africa | Johannesburg (Urban) | Cross-sectional | Aug 2013-April 2014 (Scaled-up ART) |
YPLHIV (13–19 yrs.) |
Paediatric clinics- hospital (n = 3), community healthcare centre (n = 1); primary healthcare clinic (n = 1) | Depressive symptoms (CDI-S), anxiety symptoms (RCMAS-2) | 343 | 16* (IQR 12–19) | 181 (52) |
SD Standard Deviation; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire 9; SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, BDI II Beck Depression Inventory-II, CDRS-R Children’s Depression Rating Scale–Revised, MOS-HIV HIV Medical Outcomes Survey, CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CDI-S Children’s Depression Inventory-Short Version, RCMAS-2 Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale - Second Edition