Table 5.

Univariable Analysis (Log-rank)

	Local recurrence		Overall survival
	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p
Age (years)
> 42.5 (=median)	0.91 (0.46–1.82)	0.80	2.74 (1.11–7.69)	0.03
Sekhar score
< 8	0.31 (0.09–1.03)	0.04	1.03 (0.34–2.64)	0.95
8–12	1.29 (0.62–2.66)	0.49	0.73 (0.31–1.75)	0.46
> 12	1.83 (0.82–4.06)	0.13	1.57 (0.51–4.04)	0.37
Number of sites involved
> 3 (= median)	0.91 (0.46–1.81)	0.79	0.90 (0.38–2.17)	0.81
Vascular involvement (number of vessels)
> 1 (= median)	1.90 (0.54–2.16)	0.82	0.80 (0.34–1.92)	0.61
≤ 2 vs > 2	1.00 (0.43–2.31)	0.99	1.12 (0.37–2.85)	0.83
Intradural invasion
yes vs. no	1.38 (0.42–4.57)	0.60	0.75 (0.25–3.20)	0.64
PT for recurrent disease
yes vs. no	3.19 (1.57–6.50)	< 0.01	1.92 (0.68–4.73)	0.17
Number of oncological surgeries
> 1 (= median)	1.33 (0.67–2.64)	0.42	1.41 (0.60–3.45)	0.44
≤ 2 vs > 2	0.38 (0.17–0.85	0.01	0.28 (0.12–0.76)	< 0.01
Maximum extent of surgery
GTR vs. STR or Biopsy	1.26 (0.38–4.11)	0.72	1.62 (0.26–5.67)	0.51
Surgical complications
yes vs. no	1.90 (0.94–3.81)	0.07	2.84 (1.20–6.98)	0.01
Gross tumor volume (cc)
> 26 (= median)	1.26 (0.63–2.50)	0.51	2.89 (1.13–8.85)	0.03
≤ 40 vs. >  40	2.34 (1.17–4.69)	0.01	0.19 (0.07–0.46)	< 0.01
Brainstem compression before PT
yes vs. no	2.53 (1.27–5.01)	< 0.01	1.44 (0.55–3.47)	0.43
OA compression before PT
yes vs. no	2.21 (1.02–4.76)	0.04	2.14 (0.76–5.29)	0.11
Brainstem or OA compression before PT
yes vs. no	2.46 (1.22–4.96)	< 0.01	1.64 (0.69–3.95)	0.25

PT proton therapy, GTR gross total resection, STR subtotal resection, cc cm³, OA optic apparatus