Catalpol treatment modulated genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism in the livers of high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice. (a) Protein expressions of p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1) were analyzed via Western blotting. (b–e) Densitometric analyses of the band intensity ratios of p-AMPK/AMPK, p-ACC/ACC, SREBP-1c, FAS, PPARα, CPT1, and ACOX1. (e, f) Relative mRNA expression of SREBP-1c and FAS. Data are presented as the mean ± SE of three independent experiments. ∗∗P < 0.01 vs. the Normal group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs. the HFD group.