Table 1.
Patients' data.
| 3D printing and TTE group (n = 26) | Conventional group (n = 27) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 17 (65.4%) | 15 (55.6%) | 0.858 |
|
| |||
| Age (years) | 18.8 ± 15.9 | 14.0 ± 11.6 | 0.217 |
|
| |||
| Three defects | 6 (23.1%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.452 |
|
| |||
| Maximum distance (mm) defect | 8.0 ± 3.9 | 7.6 ± 3.0 | 0.673 |
|
| |||
| Large defect distance (defined as ≥ 7 mm) | 14 (53.8%) | 11 (40.7%) | 0.349 |
|
| |||
| PFO occluder | 4 (15.4%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0.646 |
|
| |||
| Occluder replacement | 1 (3.8%) | 16 (59.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Once | 1 (3.8%) | 8 (29.6%) | |
| Twice | 4 (14.8%) | ||
| Thrice | 4 (14.8%) | ||
|
| |||
| Occluder size, empirical estimation (mm) | 18.0 ± 6.0∗ | — | |
| Occluder size, 3D model estimation (mm) | 26.0 ± 6.0 | — | |
|
| |||
| Occluder size for patients (mm) | 26.0 ± 6.0 | 23.5 ± 5.4 | 0.968 |
|
| |||
| Intraoperative residual shunt | 5 (19.2%) | 12 (44.4%) | 0.048 |
|
| |||
| Residual shunt at 6 months after procedure | 2 (7.7%) | 8 (29.6%) | 0.042 |
|
| |||
| Cost (CNY) | 32960.8 ± 2018.7 | 41019.9 ± 13758.2 | 0.0047 |
Values are expressed as means ± SD, n (%). ∗p=0.0007 vs occluder size on 3D model.