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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 6.
Published in final edited form as: Antiviral Res. 2017 Oct 31;148:20–31. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.10.021

Figure 4. Induction of pulmonary cytokine/chemokine responses in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice inoculated with influenza B viruses.

Figure 4.

Immunocompetent and immunosuppressed (DEX+CP-treated) BALB/c mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and inoculated intranasally with 102 TCID50/mouse of influenza PH/13 or BR/08 viruses. The expression levels of IFN-γ (A), IL-12(P40) (B), IL-1α (C), IL-12(P70) (D), IL-1β (E), IP-10 (F), IL-10 (G), and TNF-α (H) were assayed in lung homogenates at 3, 6, and 10 dpi. Bars represent mean values ± SDs (n = 3/group/time-point). *P < 0.05, and ***P < 0.001 for comparisons of PH/13 and BR/08 virus–infected immunocompetent mice; and #P < 0.05 ##, P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001 for comparisons of PH/13 and BR/08 virus–infected immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison post-test. The level of cytokine/chemokine expression in control uninfected mice is indicated by a black dotted line for immunocompetent mice and by a red dotted line for immunosuppressed mice.