Table 2.

Clinical, metabolic and coagulation changes associated with contraception in adolescent and young adult women with sickle cell disease. Review of the literature from 2014 to 2020.

Authors	Patients	Results and Conclusions
Qureshi AI et al. Thromb Res. 2015;136:315–318.	178 of 1,257 women (14.2%) with SCD used oral contraceptives.	The four fold higher risk of incidence of stroke associated with use of oral contraceptives in women with SCD can be mitigated by controlling other cardiovascular risk factors.
Whaley NS et al. Blood.2015;126: 3263.	54 women with SCD median age 35years completed a self-administered electronic survey.	55% had unintended pregnancy; one third did not use a birth control method at last intercourse. Most common contraceptive methods: surgical sterilization (30%), condoms (30%) and DMPA (9%). Women were more likely to use estrogen-containing methods (6%) than highly effective long-acting methods like intrauterine devices or contraceptive implants (3%).
Carvalho NS et al. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017; 37:74–77.	54 sexually active women with SCD with. mean age 32 ±11.2 years. 50% had kidney disease and 17% had thrombosis.	Over 80% had used some form of contraception mostly combined hormonal contraceptive (52%) or progestin-only contraceptives (46%). No association was found between the use of combined oral contraceptive pill and major complications.
Day ME et al. South Med J. 2019; 112:174–179.	A paper survey at two academic medical centers in 103 SCD women aged 10 to 55 years.	Of 103 women, 53 (51.5%) used contraception, with DMPA injections and condoms being the most common.