Table 1. Summary of performance-based EF measures.

EF	Cognitive EF task	Measure and score type	Factor loadings PCA	Total explained variance
Working Memory	Spatial span (SSp) of Wechsler Nonverbal scale of ability (WNV)	SSp Forward, raw scores	.72	48.09%
		SSp Backward, raw scores	.76
	Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF)	Immediate recall accuracy, percentile scores	.60
Flexibility	Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)	Perseverative errors, standardized T scores	.85	59.03%
		Conceptual level responses, standardized T scores	.94
		Number of categories completed, standardized T scores	.83
	Trail Making Test (TMT)	Total time in seconds’ part B, raw scores	-.26
Inhibition	PMT	Qualitative Q score	.76	55.0%
	d2 Test of Attention	Commission errors, percentile scores	.77
		Total test effectiveness, percentile scores	-.72

EF: Executive functions; PCA: Principal Component Analysis. Neuropsychological measures were grouped according to the hypothetical underlying cognitive process that they engage [66, 67,68].