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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Emerg Med. 2019 Nov 7;58(4):636–646. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.09.029

Table 5:

Inter-Rater Reliability

Observed Agreement Cohen’s Kappa (95% CI) Prevalence Adjusted Bias Adjusted Kappa
Inter-Rater Reliability 0.71 0.45 (0.41–0.50) 0.43
IRR STARD Questions
1
1 0.80 0.59 (0.36–0.82) 0.60
2 0.96 0.00 (0–0) 0.91
3 0.76 0.25 (−0.03 to 0.53) 0.51
4 0.71 0.32 (0.09–0.55) 0.42
5 0.29 0.05 (−0.01 to 0.10) −0.42
6 0.71 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.27) 0.42
7 0.53 0.23 (0.08–0.38) 0.07
8 0.49 0.10 (−0.01 to 0.21) −0.02
9 0.51 0.13 (0.0–0.26) 0.02
10 0.56 0.21 (0.20–0.39) 0.11
11 0.71 0.41 <0.15–0.67) 0.42
12 0.69 0.39 (0.14–0.64) 0.38
13 0.82 0.39 (0.05–0.74) 0.64
14 0.89 0.71 (0.47–0.95) 0.78
15 0.67 0.36 (0.16–0.56) 0.33
16 0.64 0.28 (0.06–0.50) 0.29
17 0.78 0.26 (−0.06 to 0.58) 0.56
18 0.71 0.43 (0.20–0.67) 0.42
19 0.69 0.36 (0.09–0.64) 0.38
20 0.93 −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) 0.87
21 0.80 0.61 (0.39–0.83) 0.60
22 0.62 0.23 (0.05–0.42) 0.24
23 0.76 0.35 (0.08–0.63) 0.51
24 0.80 0.30 (−0.04 to 0.63) 0.60
25 1.00 1.00 (1–1) 1.00