Table 1.

Definition of the optimal screening of comorbidities and risk factors.

Comorbidity/Risk Factor	Eligible patients	Optimal Screening	Source
Hypertension	Older than 18 years All RA, axSpA and pSpA patients	Blood pressure yearly	USPSTF38 EULAR16
Diabetes	Older than 40 years All RA, axSpA and pSpA patients	Free Blood Sugar every 3 years	USPSTF45 EULAR16
Dyslipidemia	Men older than 35 years Women older than 45 years All RA, axSpA and pSpA patients	Lipid profile every 5 years	USPSTF46 EULAR16
Breast cancer	Women older than 40 years	Mammography, yearly	Lebanese Recommendations47
Cervix cancer	All women	Cervical smear test, every 3 years	USPSTF48
Prostate Cancer	Nobody	Recommend against	USPSTF49
Colon Cancer	50–75 yo	Colonoscopy every 5 to 10 years Or Gaiac every 2 years	USPSTF50
Skin Cancer	No clear recommendation	Dermatology visit, at least once	USPSTF51
Influenza Vaccination	Older than 18 years	Yearly	CDC52
Pneumococcus Vaccination	All patients older than 65 years RA and SpA patients taking biologic DMARDs	Every 5 years	CDC39 EULAR18
HPV Vaccination	Women 18–26 years, Men 18–21 years		CDC40
Herpes Zoster Vaccination	Older than 60 years	Not available in Lebanon	CDC41
Osteoporosis	Older than 65 yo or Fragility fracture All RA patients	DXA, at least once	Lebanese Recommendations (OSTEOS)42
DTP vaccination	All patients	Ever	CDC43
Depression	All adults	Clinical screening	USPSTF44

CDC: Center for Disease Control. EULAR: European League Against Rheumatism. USPSTF: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.