Time series of membrane potential xi,j of single neurons for different in-degree in three FFNs (identical, uniform and exponent) respectively. FFN with identical in-degree distribution: a–c the number of in-degree is the same as 30; FFN with identical in-degree distribution: d the number of in-degree is 10; e the number of in-degree is 20; f the number of in-degree is 60; g the number of in-degree is 10; h the number of in-degree is 20; i the number of in-degree is 60. P = 0.15. The input signal is set as A = 0.08, Ts= 4, and the noise intensity is set as D = 10−3. Here, the displayed amplitude of the input signal is enlarged 5 times to its real value