Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy compared to empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer
Patient or population: people with cancer and febrile neutropenia Settings: inpatient care Intervention: pre‐emptive antifungal therapy Comparison: empirical antifungal therapy
Outcomes	Illustrative comparative risks*		Relative effect (95% CI)	No of participants (studies)	Certainty of evidence (GRADE)	Comment
	Assumed risk	Corresponding risk
All‐cause mortality
Mortality ascribed to fungal infection
Proportion of antifungal agent use
Duration of antifungal agent use
Invasive fungal infection detection
Adverse events
*The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% CI) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; RR: risk ratio; OR: odds ratio
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High‐certainty. We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate‐certainty. We are moderately confident in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low‐certainty. Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited; the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low‐certainty. We have very little confidence in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect