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. 2020 May 7;8(3):e00585. doi: 10.1002/prp2.585

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© 2020 The Authors. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Cardiac ultrasonographic parameters obtained from control rats and rats treated with repeated escalating doses of the minoxidil (MXD) ethanol/glycol propylene solution (MXD solution), the MXD hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin GEL formulation (MXD GEL) (0.035%‐3.5% w/v), and their relative vehicles, once daily. (A) left ventricle diameter in systole (D, s) and diastole (D, d); (B) left ventricle volume in systole (V, s) and diastole (V, d); (C) left ventricle internal diameter in systole (LVID, s) and diastole (LVID, d); (D) stroke volume; (E) left ventricle mass (LVmass). Each bar is the mean ± SE. *Significantly different with respect to relative vehicle group (unpaired Student's t test, P < .05; rats per group = 5)