Table 1. Clinical Characteristics of the Study Participants.
| Characteristic | Participantsa | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discovery (n = 484) | Replication (n = 183) | ||
| Age at first event, mean (SD), y | 46.6 (9.2) | 47.1 (9.9) | .49 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26.0 (5.9) | 27.1 (6.8) | .05 |
| Coronary artery distribution | |||
| LM | 5 (1.0) | 3 (1.6) | .69 |
| LAD | 225 (46.5) | 71 (38.8) | .08 |
| RCA | 32 (6.6) | 11 (6.0) | .86 |
| LC | 32 (6.6) | 9 (4.9) | .48 |
| Multivessel | 87 (18.0) | 37 (20.2) | .51 |
| Other territoryb | 103 (21.3) | 52 (28.4) | .06 |
| Imaged for FMD | 315 (65.1) | 139 (76.0) | .01 |
| Diagnosis | |||
| FMD | 175 (55.6) | 91 (65.5) | .05 |
| Extracoronary vascular abnormality | 25 (5.2) | 9 (4.9) | >.99 |
| Peripartum status | 55 (11.4) | 20 (10.9) | >.99 |
| Before SCAD | |||
| Extreme exertion | 75 (15.5) | 31 (16.9) | .64 |
| Extreme emotion | 88 (18.2) | 45 (24.6) | .08 |
| Chronic hypertension | 157 (32.4) | 53 (29.0) | .40 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 168 (34.7) | 46 (25.1) | .02 |
| Diabetes | 14 (2.9) | 4 (2.2) | .79 |
| Tobacco use | |||
| Active | 12 (2.5) | 3 (1.6) | .77 |
| Prior | 129 (26.7) | 53 (29.0) | .56 |
| Migraine headaches | 175 (36.2) | 77 (42.1) | .18 |
| No. of recurrences | |||
| 0 | 402 (83.1) | 151 (82.5) | .91 |
| 1 | 64 (13.2) | 28 (15.3) | .53 |
| 2 | 17 (3.5) | 4 (2.2) | .47 |
| 3 | 1 (0.2) | 0 | >.99 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); FMD, fibromuscular dysplasia; LAD, left anterior descending; LC, left circumflex; LM, left main; RCA, right coronary artery; SCAD, spontaneous coronary artery dissection.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of participants unless otherwise indicated.
b
Diagonal artery, left and right posterior lateral artery, left and right posterior descending artery, obtuse marginal artery, or ramus intermedius artery.