Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics |
Non-frail (N) (n = 44) |
Pre-frail/Frail (P/F) (n = 82) |
p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N vs P/F | |||||||
| Age (years) | 74.6 | ± | 6.5 | 81.2 | ± | 8.6 | < 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 161.7 | ± | 6.9 | 161.3 | ± | 9.5 | 0.797 |
| Weight (kg) | 67.2 | ± | 12.8 | 76.0 | ± | 18.1 | 0.005 |
| Body mass index | 25.7 | ± | 4.5 | 29.2 | ± | 6.5 | 0.002 |
| Gender | 0.190 | ||||||
| Male | 6 | (13.6) | 19 | (23.2) | |||
| Female | 38 | (86.4) | 63 | (76.8) | |||
| History of falls | 13 | (29.5) | 37 | (45.1) | 0.085 | ||
| Falls Efficacy Scale - International | 20.8 | ± | 4.2 | 31.3 | ± | 11.6 | < 0.001 |
| Use of assistive devices | 4 | (9.1) | 41 | (50.0) | < 0.001 | ||
| Mobility-tiredness scale | 5.6 | ± | 0.8 | 4.1 | ± | 1.8 | < 0.001 |
| MMSE | 29.2 | ± | 1.1 | 28.6 | ± | 1.6 | 0.060 |
| CES-D | 6.6 | ± | 5.7 | 8.9 | ± | 7.5 | 0.079 |
| Barthel ADL Scale | 97.6 | ± | 4.6 | 93.8 | ± | 7.9 | 0.004 |
Results presented as mean ± SD or number (%). Bold-faced values show statistical significance (p < 0.05)