Table 2.
Effects of CE, fractions, and isolated compounds obtained from C. pinnatifida leaves upon myeloperoxidase (MPO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) levels in a murine model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy.
| Groups (mg/kg) | MPO (mU/mL) | ADA (U/L) | NOx (μM) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sala | 64.47 ± 1.63 | 3.09 ± 0.25 | 8.48 ± 0.22 |
| Cga | 114.2 ± 16.54 | 21.82 ± 2.00 | 18.36 ± 1.34 |
| CE (50)b | 71.09±1.81∗∗ | 8.91±2.22∗∗ | 13.98 ± 2.69∗ |
| Hex (25)b | 77.99±2.47∗∗ | 12.12±1.47∗∗ | 10.94±0.64∗∗ |
| MeOH (10)b | 76.39±2.72∗∗ | 6.20±1.26∗∗ | 13.45 ± 0.66∗ |
| EtOAc (5)b | 79.63±0.46∗∗ | 4.14±0.45∗∗ | 11.88±0.57∗∗ |
| 3,5-diCQA (2.5)b | 85.30±2.74∗∗ | 6.53±1.33∗∗ | 12.18±0.63∗∗ |
| 4,5-diCQA (5)b | 91.23±3.35∗∗ | 11.38±1.34∗∗ | 12.91±0.58∗∗ |
| Dex (0.5)b | 64.98±2.98∗∗ | 10.18±0.75∗∗ | 9.69±0.55∗∗ |
| Indo (5)b | 67.44±4.81∗∗ | 10.49±0.99∗∗ | 11.54±0.40∗∗ |
Crude extract (CE: 50 mg/kg), hexane fraction (Hex: 25 mg/kg), methanol fraction (MeOH: 10 mg/kg), ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc: 5 mg/kg), 3,5-di-O-E-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA: 2.5 mg/kg), and 4,5-di-O-E-caffeoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA: 5 mg/kg) obtained from C. pinnatifida leaves administered 0.5 h before pleurisy induction. Sal: negative control group, animals treated only with sterile saline (0.95%); Cg: positive control group, animals treated only with carrageenan (1%); Dex: animals treated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) 0.5 h before pleurisy induction; Indo: animals treated with indomethacin (5 mg/kg) 0.5 h before pleurisy induction. aAdministered by intrapleural route (i.pl.). bAdministered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.). Each group represents the mean ± SEM of six animals. ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01.