Table 2.
Univariate comparison of demographics and clinical characteristics for study cohort
| Blood Glucose <= 180 (N = 3600) n(%) | Blood Glucose > 180 (N = 1414) n(%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Demographics | |||
| Age | 66.0 [57.0 to 74.0] | 65.0 [56.0 to 72.0] | 0.003 |
| WHO BMI Classification | < 0.001 | ||
| Underweight | 75 (2.1) | 23 (1.6) | |
| Normal | 818 (22.7) | 232 (16.4) | |
| Overweight | 1063 (29.5) | 366 (25.9) | |
| Obese | 1644 (45.7) | 793 (56.1) | |
| Female Gender | 1628 (45.2) | 677 (47.9) | 0.090 |
| ASA Class 3 or 4 | 3184 (88.4) | 1265 (89.5) | 0.305 |
| Urgent/Emergent Case | 1334 (37.1) | 540 (38.2) | 0.455 |
| Surgical Procedure Group | 0.011 | ||
| General | 539 (15.0) | 201 (14.2) | |
| Endocrine | 279 (7.8) | 131 (9.3) | |
| Hepatobiliary | 382 (10.6) | 178 (12.6) | |
| GI (Upper and Colorectal) | 1162 (32.3) | 478 (33.8) | |
| Vascular | 1238 (34.4) | 426 (30.1) | |
| Pre-operative Clinical Characteristics | |||
| Pre-op Sepsis | 0.005 | ||
| None | 3293 (91.5) | 1267 (89.6) | |
| Sepsis | 145 (4.0) | 87 (6.2) | |
| Severe Sepsis | 162 (4.5) | 60 (4.2) | |
| Diabetes | 2151 (59.8) | 1080 (76.4) | < 0.001 |
| Sleep Apnea | 729 (20.3) | 332 (23.5) | 0.012 |
| Cancer | 156 (4.3) | 56 (4.0) | 0.555 |
| CHF | 87 (2.4) | 25 (1.8) | 0.162 |
| COPD | 574 (15.9) | 216 (15.3) | 0.559 |
| CAD | 1270 (35.3) | 452 (32.0) | 0.026 |
| DVT/PEa | 392 (11.4) | 150 (11.0) | 0.711 |
| ETOH > 2 drinks/day in the 2 weeks prior to admission | 113 (3.1) | 32 (2.3) | 0.096 |
| Tobacco use within 1 year - cigarette | 1011 (28.1) | 356 (25.2) | 0.038 |
| Hypertension | 2708 (75.2) | 1123 (79.4) | 0.002 |
| Pneumonia | 53 (1.5) | 27 (1.9) | 0.266 |
| HbA1ca | 6.9 [6.1 to 8.2] | 8.0 [6.9 to 9.6] | < 0.001 |
| Creatininea | 0.9 [0.7 to 1.2] | 0.9 [0.7 to 1.3] | 0.313 |
| Ascites | 77 (2.1) | 21 (1.5) | 0.132 |
| 10% Loss of Body Weight 6 Months Before Surgery | 148 (4.1) | 55 (3.9) | 0.720 |
| Steroids/Immunosuppressive Meds for chronic condition | 220 (6.1) | 84 (5.9) | 0.820 |
| Currently Requires or is on Dialysis | 184 (5.1) | 39 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
| Open Wound With or Without Infection | 502 (13.9) | 155 (11.0) | 0.005 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 839 (23.3) | 330 (23.3) | 0.981 |
| Ventilator Dependent | 67 (1.9) | 29 (2.1) | 0.659 |
| Intraoperative Characteristics | |||
| Surgical Time (Minutes) | 149.0 [95.0 to 237.0] | 185.5 [107.0 to 288.0] | < 0.001 |
| Insulin Given | 239 (6.6) | 788 (55.7) | < 0.001 |
| Outcomes | |||
| 30 Day Morbidity and Mortalitya | 1109 (30.9) | 538 (38.1) | < 0.001 |
| Infectious Complications | 622 (17.3) | 287 (20.3) | 0.013 |
Data are presented as frequency (%) or median [25th percentile to 75th percentile], as appropriate
aPercentages for diabetic/non-diabetic are given as percent of the non-missing number of values in that group