Table 3.
Adjusted Primary and Secondary Outcomes
| Primary Outcome: 30-Day Combined Morbidity and Mortality | Secondary Outcome: 30-Day Infectious Complications | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-Value | Adjusted Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-Value | |
| Age | 1.01 | 1.01, 1.02 | < 0.001 | 1.01 | 1.00, 1.01 | 0.193 |
| Female Sex | 0.99 | 0.85, 1.16 | 0.903 | 1.01 | 0.85, 1.20 | 0.908 |
| Race | ||||||
| White (ref) | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0.48 | 0.10, 2.25 | 0.352 | 0.77 | 0.17, 3.57 | 0.736 |
| Asian | 2.38 | 1.09, 5.22 | 0.030 | 1.59 | 0.65, 3.87 | 0.308 |
| Black or African American | 0.76 | 0.61, 0.94 | 0.013 | 0.87 | 0.68, 1.11 | 0.253 |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 3.04 | 0.07, 130.47 | 0.563 | 4.70 | 0.14, 154.14 | 0.385 |
| Unknown | 0.84 | 0.56, 1.27 | 0.402 | 0.93 | 0.59, 1.47 | 0.761 |
| WHO BMI Classification | ||||||
| Normal (ref) | ||||||
| Underweight | 1.16 | 0.68, 1.27 | 0.589 | 1.79 | 1.04, 3.10 | 0.036 |
| Overweight | 0.96 | 0.77, 1.67 | 0.675 | 1.08 | 0.85, 1.39 | 0.525 |
| Obese | 0.98 | 0.80, 1.19 | 0.868 | 1.04 | 0.82, 1.31 | 0.764 |
| ASA Class | ||||||
| 2 (ref) | ||||||
| 1 | < 0.001 | < 0.001, > 999 | 0.972 | < 0.001 | < 0.001, > 999 | 0.977 |
| 3 | 1.44 | 1.08, 1.91 | 0.012 | 1.29 | 0.95, 1.77 | 0.108 |
| 4 | 2.41 | 1.75, 3.33 | < 0.001 | 1.63 | 1.13, 2.33 | 0.008 |
| Procedure Category | ||||||
| General (ref) | ||||||
| Endocrine | 1.38 | 0.98, 1.93 | 0.066 | 1.38 | 0.95, 2.01 | 0.091 |
| GI (Upper or Colorectal) | 1.94 | 1.53, 2.46 | < 0.001 | 1.85 | 1.41, 2.41 | < 0.001 |
| Hepatobiliary | 0.67 | 0.48, 0.93 | 0.017 | 0.85 | 0.59, 1.23 | 0.394 |
| Vascular | 0.62 | 0.48, 0.81 | < 0.001 | 0.52 | 0.39, 0.70 | < 0.001 |
| Urgent/Emergent Case | 1.90 | 1.61, 2.25 | < 0.001 | 1.50 | 1.24, 1.81 | < 0.001 |
| Year 2013 | 1.19 | 0.98, 1.45 | 0.080 | 1.32 | 1.06, 1.66 | 0.015 |
| Year 2014 | 1.02 | 0.84, 1.23 | 0.869 | 1.15 | 0.92, 1.43 | 0.230 |
| Intraop Insulin Administered | 1.20 | 0.96, 1.48 | 0.104 | 1.31 | 1.03, 1.67 | 0.027 |
| Surgical Time (per minute) | 1.004 | 1.003, 1.004 | < 0.001 | 1.003 | 1.002, 1.003 | < 0.001 |
| Number of Comorbiditiesa | 1.16 | 1.11, 1.22 | < 0.001 | 1.21 | 1.15, 1.28 | < 0.001 |
| Blood Glucose > 180 mg/dl | 1.05 | 0.86, 1.28 | 0.623 | 0.93 | 0.74, 1.16 | 0.502 |
aComorbidities include diabetes, ventilator dependence, COPD, pneumonia, ascites, congestive heart failure, hypertension, history of peripheral vascular disease, currently requiring or on dialysis, disseminated cancer, open wound, use of steroids/immunosuppressive medications for chronic condition, > 10% loss of body weight in the 6 months prior to surgery, alcohol use > 2 drinks/day in the 2 weeks prior to surgery, presence of sleep apnea, cigarette use within 1 year, presence of sepsis or severe sepsis within 48 h prior to surgery, history of coronary artery disease, and history of deep vein thrombosis