Table 4.
Results of Cox regression analysis for factors associated with survival status among patients living with HIV/AIDS taking IPT and ART versus ART alone in Northern Ethiopia, 2009–2017.
| Variable | Survival status | Death, n (%) | CHR [95% CI] | p value | AHR [95% CI] | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alive, n (%) | |||||||
| Sex | Female | 1,076 (94.4) | 64 (5.6) | 0.465 [0.336–0.643] | <0.0001∗∗ | 0.691 [0.495–0.964] | 0.030∗ |
| Male | 638 (88.2) | 85 (11.8) | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Residence | Urban | 1,161 (93.0) | 87 (7.0) | 0.680 [0.491–0.941] | 0.020∗ | 0.595 [0.427–0.831] | 0.002 |
| Rural | 553 (89.9) | 62 (10.1) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Scheduling | Unscheduled | 641 (89.0) | 79 (11.0) | 0.712 [0.606–0.837] | 0.0001∗∗ | 1.601 [1.154–2.222] | 0.005 |
| Scheduled | 1,073 (93.9) | 70 (6.1) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Baseline functional status | Bedridden (2) | 121 (88.3) | 16 (11.7) | 2.163 [1.255–3.726] | 0.005 | 1.617 [0.935–2.796] | 0.086 |
| Ambulatory (1) | 415 (86.6) | 64 (13.4) | 2.515 [1.790–3.534] | <0.0001∗∗ | 2.324 [1.643–3.288] | <0.0001∗∗ | |
| Working | 1,178 (94.5) | 69 (5.5) | Reference | Reference | |||
| CD4+ T cells (in cells/mm3) | ≥250 | 1,318 (96.1) | 54 (3.9) | 0.176 [0.126–0.246] | <0.0001∗∗ | 0.217 [0.154–0.307] | <0.0001∗∗ |
| <250 | 396 (80.7) | 95 (19.3) | Reference | <0.0001∗∗ | Reference | ||
| Exposure to IPT | No | 1113 (89.6) | 129 (10.4) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 601 (96.8) | 20 (3.2) | 0.296 [0.185–0.474] | <0.0001∗∗ | 0.339 [0.211–0.545] | <0.0001∗∗ | |
∗Statistically significant atp < 0.05; ∗∗∗statistically significant at p < 0.0001. The following factors were analyzed at the crude stage: sex, age, place of residence, scheduling, baseline functional status, specific ARV regimen, body mass index, exposure variable, and WHO clinical staging. AHR: adjusted hazard ratio; ARV: antiretroviral regimen; BMI: body mass index; CD4+ T cells: cluster of differentiation 4 positive T cells; CI: confidence interval; CHR: crude hazard ratio; WHO: World Health Organization.