Table 2.
Therapeutic regimens, survival outcomes and toxicities in eligible studies
| Study | Induction chemotherapy | Radiotherapy | Concurrent chemotherapy | IC + CCRT|CCRT | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OS rate | FFS rate | DMFS rate | LRFS rate | ORR | Grade ≥ 3 AE rate | ||||
| Fountzilas 2012 [8] | Epi 75 mg/m2, Pac 175 mg/m2 and DDP 75 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles | 2D-CRT, 3D-CRT | DDP 40 mg/m2 every week | 3-year: 66.6%|71.8% | 3-year: 64.5%|63.5% | FE | FE | 83%|85% | FE |
| Tan 2015 [9] | Gem 1000 mg/m2, CBP area under the concentration-time-curve 2.5, and Pac 70 mg/m2 (day 1 and 8) every 21 days for 3 cycles | 2D-CRT, IMRT | DDP 40 mg/m2 every week | 3-year: 94.3%|92.3% | 3-year: 74.9%|67.4% | 3-year: 83.8%|79.9% | FE | FE | 52%|37%b |
| Sun/Li 2016/2019 [10] [11] | Doc 60 mg/m2, DDP 60 mg/m2 and 5-FU 600 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles | IMRT | DDP 100 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles |
3-year: 92.1%|86.2%; 5-year: 85.6%|77.7% |
3-year: 80.1%|72.0%; 5-year: 77.4%|66.4% |
3-year: 88.8%|82.0%; 5-year: 88.0%|79.8%b |
3-year: 91.7%|87.4%; 5-year: 90.7%|83.8%b |
98.8%|100% | 72.8%|53.8% |
| Cao/Yang 2017/2019 [12] [13] | DDP 80 mg/m2 and 5-FU 800 mg/m2 (day 1–5) every 21 days for 2 cycles | 2D-CRT, IMRT | DDP 80 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles | 3-year: 88.2%|88.5%; 5-year: 80.8%|76.8%b | 3-year: 82.0%|74.1%; 5-year: 73.4%|63.1%b | 3-year: 86.0%|82.0%; 5-year: 82.8%|73.1%b | 3-year: 94.3%|90.8%; 5-year: 87.9%|85.0% | 98.7%|99.2% | 66.3%|49.1%ab |
| Frikha 2018 [14] | Doc 75 mg/m2, DDP 75 mg/m2 and 5-FU 750 mg/m2/day day (1–5) every 21 days for 3 cycles | IMRT, non-IMRT | DDP 40 mg/m2 every week | 3-year: 86.3%|68.9% | 3-year: 73.9%|57.2% | FE | FE | FE | FE |
| Hong 2018 [15] | Mit 8 mg/m2, Epi 60 mg/m2, and DDP 60 mg/m2 on day 1, 5-FU 450 mg/m2 and Leu 30 mg/m2 on day 8 | 3D-CRT, IMRT | DDP 30 mg/m2 every week | 5-year: 72.0%|67.9% | 5-year: 61.1%|50.0% | 5-year: 76.2%|70.8% | 5-year: 79.9%|70.0% | 95.3%|92.5% | FE |
| Zhang 2019 [16] | Gem 1 g/m2 (day 1 and 8) and DDP 80 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles | IMRT | DDP 100 mg/m2 every 21 days for 3 cycles | 3-year: 94.6%|90.3% | 3-year: 85.3%|76.5% | 3-year: 91.1%|84.4% | 3-year: 91.8%|91.0% | 97.9%|98.7% | 75.7%|55.7% |
epirubicin: Epi; paclitaxel: Pac; cisplatin: DDP; gemcitabine: Gem; carboplatin: CBP; docetaxel: Doc; 5-fluorouracil: 5-FU; mitomycin: Mit; leucovorin: Leu; 2D/2D-CRT: 2/3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy; IMRT intensity modulated radiotherapy; OS overall survival; FFS failure-free survival; DMFS distant metastasis-free survival; LRFS locoregional relapse-free survival; ORR objective response rate; AE adverse event; FE fail to extract
a AE during concurrent chemotherapy
b means statistically significant