Table 5.
Comparison of knowledge about dietary supplements between pre- and post-intervention
| Strongly agree (%) | Agree (%) | Neither agree nor disagree (%) | Disagree (%) | Strongly disagree (%) | Z score | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary supplements are safe because they are just food items. | Pre | 2.7 | 37.5 | 25.3 | 30.2 | 4.3 | −8.497 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 1.2 | 15.6 | 23.6 | 47.9 | 11.7 | |||
| Dietary supplements made from natural ingredients or herbs are safe. | Pre | 2.8 | 44.0 | 28.4 | 21.1 | 3.7 | −10.280 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 2.2 | 16.9 | 28.2 | 42.9 | 9.8 | |||
| Food additives should be avoided. | Pre | 3.4 | 36.6 | 29.9 | 26.5 | 3.7 | 1.836 | 0.07 |
| Post | 5.9 | 35.8 | 30.9 | 23.5 | 4.0 | |||
| Dietary supplements made from food items are safe. | Pre | 4.0 | 43.6 | 29.5 | 21.2 | 1.8 | −10.700 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.9 | 16.6 | 28.2 | 43.3 | 11.0 | |||
| The efficacy of commercial dietary supplements is confirmed and reliable. | Pre | 2.1 | 18.7 | 33.6 | 36.4 | 9.2 | −8.102 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.9 | 9.5 | 18.1 | 46.6 | 24.9 | |||
| I want to use dietary supplements that have a good reputation. | Pre | 3.4 | 31.7 | 18.9 | 32.6 | 13.4 | −9.959 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 1.5 | 8.6 | 17.9 | 44.3 | 27.7 | |||
| Dietary supplements recommended by health professionals are effective. | Pre | 0.9 | 15.9 | 22.6 | 38.5 | 22.0 | −7.382 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.9 | 5.5 | 12.9 | 48.2 | 32.5 | |||
| Dietary supplements can be used concomitantly with medicines. | Pre | 1.2 | 8.9 | 15.0 | 44.0 | 30.9 | −7.215 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.3 | 2.8 | 9.5 | 36.7 | 50.8 | |||
| Dietary supplements can prevent diseases. | Pre | 0.9 | 26.8 | 23.8 | 36.3 | 12.2 | −6.300 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 1.5 | 16.3 | 16.0 | 41.7 | 24.5 | |||
| Dietary supplements can treat diseases. | Pre | 0.3 | 6.4 | 18.4 | 40.1 | 34.9 | −4.855 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.0 | 3.1 | 11.3 | 40.1 | 45.6 | |||
| Dietary supplements can compensate for an unbalanced diet. | Pre | 1.8 | 24.1 | 20.7 | 38.7 | 14.6 | −5.168 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.9 | 13.6 | 20.4 | 41.4 | 23.8 | |||
| Children who are picky eaters should take dietary supplements to supplement nutrition. | Pre | 0.6 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 43.0 | 26.2 | −4.440 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 0.3 | 8.9 | 15.0 | 40.4 | 35.5 | |||
| Pregnant women should take dietary supplements to supplement nutrition. | Pre | 2.5 | 20.6 | 24.5 | 37.7 | 14.7 | −8.003 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 1.2 | 12.6 | 18.7 | 38.7 | 28.8 | |||
| I want to use dietary supplements for weight loss or muscle building. | Pre | 4.0 | 22.3 | 17.1 | 32.6 | 24.1 | −6.342 | < 0.01 |
| Post | 3.1 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 36.5 | 34.7 |
Pre: pre-intervention; Post: post-intervention
Statistics analyses were conducted between the pre- and post-intervention answers to the questionnaire