Figure 2.

Propofol reduces the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in CoCl₂-treated microglia. BV2 cells were pretreated with propofol (25, 50, and 100 μM) for 3 h, which was followed by treatment with CoCl₂ (300 μM) for 24 h. IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were analyzed by ELISA and qPCR. (a) TNF-α concentration after different treatments. (b) Relative TNF-α mRNA levels after different treatments. (c) IL-1β concentration after different treatments. (d) Relative IL-1β mRNA levels after different treatments. (e) IL-6 concentration after different treatments. (f) Relative IL-6 mRNA levels after different treatments. Data from at least three independent experiments are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. Independent Student's t-test was used for comparisons between two groups, and ANOVA with the SNK post hoc test was used for multiple groups. ^∗∗P < 0.01 versus the control group; ^##P < 0.01 versus the CoCl₂ group.