Table 1.

Combinational remedies and drugs as potential targets for COVID-19.

Name of the agent/therapy	Targeted virions infection	Target virion mechanism	References
Thalidomide and Glucocorticoids	SARS-CoV-2	Regulate immunity, inhibit the inflammatory cytokine surg	[30]
Remdesivir and IFNa2	SARS-CoV-2	Improves pulmonary function and reduces lung viral loads	[13]
Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine	SARS-CoV-2	attenuation of cytokine production and inhibition of autophagy - shown recently to be ineffective in clinical studies	[31]
Lopinavir and Ritonavir	HIV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2	Protease inhibitor, inhibits 3CLpro	[13]
Lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir	SARS-CoV-2	Targetiviral protease	[32]
Lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta	MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2	Slightly reduced viral load and improved pulmonary function	[20]
Convalescent plasma	SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV	Inhibited virus entry to the target cells, suppressed viraemia by anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody	[13]
Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin	SARS-CoV-2	Viral load reduction through inhibition of replication	[33]
Camostat mesilate Hydroxychloroquine	SARS-CoV-2	Inhibitor of the host cell serine protease and angiotensin receptor blockers	[34]
Darunavir and Umifenovir	SARS-CoV-2	Viral load reduction through inhibition of replication	[35]
Ribavirin and Interferon-α	SARS-CoV-2	Lowered the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death	[36]
Hydroxychloroquine and Nitazoxanide	SARS-CoV-2	Adjuvant therapy in Covid-19	[37]