Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the 7 studies analyzed
| Prospective trials | Clinical practice diary studies | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Fleming et al., 2012) | (Melicharkova et al., 2013) | (Hookey & Vanner, 2009) | (Fowler et al., 2009) | (Flemming et al., 2015) | (Arya et al., 2014) | (Vanner & Hookey, 2011) | |
| Patient characteristics | N = 236 (%) | N = 108a (%) | N = 213 (%) | N = 49 (%) | N = 109a (%) | N = 557 (%) | N = 100 |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 56.3 (11.1) | 57.0 (12.4) | 54.6 (9.8) | 75 (3.5) | 62.7 (13.8) | 59.2 (11.2) | 60.2 (11.9) |
| Age ≥ 70 y | 20 (8.5) | 12 (11.1) | 14 (6.6) | 49 (100.0) | 41 (37.6) | 102 (18.3) | 22 |
| Female Sex | 127 (53.8) | 60 (55.6) | 106 (49.8) | 24 (49.0) | 60 (55.0) | 291 (52.2) | 58 |
| Avg bowel movement (SD) | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.6 (1.3) | 1.1 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.8) | 1.8 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.8) | 1.7 (1.1) |
| Comorbiditiesb | 16 (6.8) | Not collected | 5 (2.3) | 9 (18.4) | Not collected | 243 (43.6) | 16 |
| Bowel preparation | |||||||
| PEG, traditional | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 (45.0) | 14 (2.5) | 0 |
| PEG, split-dose | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60 (55.0) | 158 (28.4) | 0 |
| P/MC, traditional | 117 (49.6) | 68 (63.0) | 104 (48.8) | 25 (51.0) | 0 | 218 (39.1) | 34 |
| P/MC, split-dose | 119 (50.4) | 40 (37.0) | 0 | 23 (46.9) | 0 | 150 (26.9) | 66 |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 109 (51.2) | 0 | 0 | 9 (1.6) | 0 |
| Indication for colonoscopy | |||||||
| Screeningc | 132 (55.9) | 80 (74.1) | 138 (64.8) | 9 (18.4) | 15 (13.8) | 238 (42.7) | 30 |
| FOBT+ | 16 (6.8) | 28 (25.9) | 7 (3.3) | 7 (14.3) | 5 (4.6) | 47 (8.4) | 13 |
| IBS, Crohns, colitis | 5 (2.1) | 0 | 9 (4.2) | 0 | 10 (9.2) | 40 (7.2) | 54 |
| Bowel habit change, NYD | 14 (5.9) | 0 | 9 (4.2) | 2 (4.0) | 10 (9.2) | 23 (4.1) | 9 |
| Anemia | 1 (0.4) | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 1 (2.0) | 26 (23.9) | 22 (3.9) | 6 |
| Diarrhea | 8 (3.4) | 0 | 7 (3.3) | 1 (2.0) | 13 (11.9) | 1 (0.2) | 6 |
| BRBPR | 16 (6.8) | 0 | 11 (5.2) | 3 (6.1) | 12 (11.0) | 11 (2.0) | 6 |
| Known polyp | 41 (17.4) | 0 | 29 (13.6) | 25 (51.0) | 17 (15.6) | 55 (9.9) | 22 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 1 (0.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0 |
| Abdominal pain | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0 | 3 (0.5) | 2 |
| Unknown | 2 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 117 (21) | 0 |
All values are number (percentage) of patient characteristic in each study, unless otherwise specified.
Abbreviations: FOBT, fecal occult blood test; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; NYD, not yet diagnosed; BRBPR, bright red bleeding per rectum
aOnly included patients randomized to non-breakfast study arm.
bPico Timing Study, Original Pico Study and Pico in Elderly study only looked at diabetes mellitus, where the Diary study looked at DM, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and kidney disease.
cScreening includes colonoscopy indicated through positive family history.