Table 2. Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with a ≥ 50% eGFR decline or ESRD (Entire cohort, n = 43).
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P-Value | |
| Clinical and Laboratory Findings | ||||
| Age (1 year increase) | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) | 0.3017 | 0.97 (0.91–1.05) | 0.5115 |
| Men (vs. women) | 1.95 (0.83–5.07) | 0.1283 | 1.62 (0.45–6.05) | 0.4513 |
| BMI (1 kg/m2 increase) | 1.08 (0.97–1.18) | 0.1449 | - | - |
| MBP (1 mmHg increase) | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.8917 | - | - |
| eGFR (1 mL/min/1.73 m2 increase) | 0.93 (0.89–0.96) | <0.0001 | 0.94 (0.89–0.98) | 0.0082 |
| Hemoglobin (1 g/dL increase) | 0.96 (0.78–1.17) | 0.6879 | - | - |
| Serum albumin (1 g/dL increase) | 1.02 (0.637–3.08) | 0.9653 | - | - |
| U-Prot (g/day) | 1.00 (0.74–1.27) | 0.9797 | - | - |
| Hypercholesterolemia (vs. no) | 0.58 (0.17–1.55) | 0.2950 | - | - |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (vs. no) | 1.07 (0.44–2.46) | 0.8699 | - | - |
| Hyperuricemia (vs. no) | 3.41 (1.44–7.84) | 0.0062 | 0.76 (0.21–2.76) | 0.6661 |
| Initial treatments | ||||
| Corticosteroids (vs. no) | 0.47 (0.20–1.09) | 0.0789 | 0.65 (0.22–1.82) | 0.4136 |
| Tonsillectomy (vs. no) | 2.24 (0.36–7.72) | 0.3289 | - | - |
| Histological findings | ||||
| Global sclerosis (%) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.3190 | - | - |
| Segmental sclerosis (%) | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.4142 | - | - |
| Crescent (%) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.7976 | - | - |
| Mesangial cell proliferation (0–3) | 1.26 (0.54–2.86) | 0.5855 | - | - |
| Interstitial fibrosis (0–3) | 3.77 (1.53–8.55) | 0.0049 | 2.26 (0.79–6.58) | 0.1240 |
| Interstitial inflammation (0–3) | 1.64 (0.77–3.52) | 0.2021 | - | - |
| Arteriosclerosis (0–3) | 1.10 (0.63–1.87) | 0.7247 | - | - |
| Arteriolar hyalinosis (0–3) | 2.22 (1.26–3.82) | 0.0062 | 1.02 (0.47–2.25) | 0.9551 |
| Max GD (1 μm increase) | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 0.0061 | NA | - |
| Max GD ≥242.3 μm (vs. not) | 3.16 (1.37–7.38) | 0.0076 | 3.08 (1.12–8.69) | 0.0293 |
| Oxford Classification | ||||
| M0/M1 | 1.64 (0.56–6.95) | 0.3977 | NA | - |
| E0/E1 | 1.28 (0.56–2.99) | 0.5618 | NA | - |
| S0/S1 | 1.22 (0.46–4.23) | 0.7077 | NA | - |
| T0/T1/T2 | 2.07 (0.36–6.28) | 0.3475 | NA | - |
| C0/C1/C2 | 0.96 (0.50–1.75) | 0.8960 | NA | - |
Variables with P-values of less than 0.1 in the univariate model, age, sex, and eGFR were included in the multivariate model.
Abbreviation: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; n, number; %, percentages; CI = confidence interval; vs, versus; BMI, body mass index; MBP, mean blood pressure; U-Prot, Urinary protein excretion; Max GD, maximal glomerular diameter; NA, not applicable; M, mesangial hypercellularity; E, endocapillary hypercellularity; S, segmental glomerulosclerosis; T, tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis; C, cellular/fibrocellular crescents