| Table 1.: Participants' socio-demographic status and their associations with the safety performance indicators (n=661) | ||||||||
| Characteristics | n (%) | Proactive Index | Reactive Index | |||||
| Mean (SD) | Occupational Incidents n (%) | |||||||
| Safety Compliance |
Safety Participation |
Total Safety Performance | Yes | No | ||||
| Age (yrs) | ||||||||
| <30 | 264 (39.9) | 3.92 (0.62) | 3.40 (0.74) | 3.66 (0.58) | 87 (33.0) | 177 (67.0) | ||
| 30–40 | 257 (38.9) | 3.85 (0.63) | 3.40 (0.66) | 3.63 (0.56) | 91 (35.4) | 166 (64.6) | ||
| >40 | 140 (21.2) | 3.61 (0.63) | 3.21 (0.62) | 3.41 (0.54) | 77 (55.0) | 63 (4.0) | ||
| p value | <0.001† | 0.019† | <0.001† | <0.001* | ||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 628 (95.0) | 3.80 (0.63) | 3.34 (0.68) | 3.57 (0.56) | 254 (40.4) | 374 (59.6) | ||
| Female | 33 (5.0) | 4.32 (0.51) | 3.70 (0.73) | 4.01 (0.56) | 1 (3) | 32 (97) | ||
| p value | <0.001‡ | 0.003‡ | <0.001‡ | 0.001* | ||||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Single | 213 (32.2) | 3.92 (0.67) | 3.35 (0.77) | 3.64 (0.63) | 73 (34.3) | 140 (65.7) | ||
| Married | 448 (67.8) | 3.79 (0.62) | 3.36 (0.65) | 3.57 (0.54) | 182 (40.6) | 266 (59.4) | ||
| p-value | 0.013‡ | 0.87‡ | 0.22‡ | 0.069* | ||||
| Educational level | ||||||||
| Elementary | 96 (14.5) | 3.64 (0.65) | 3.34 (0.61) | 3.49 (0.53) | 55 (57.3) | 41 (42.7) | ||
| Diploma | 171 (25.9) | 3.76 (0.66) | 3.34 (0.63) | 3.55 (0.54) | 83 (48.5) | 88 (51.5) | ||
| Academic | 394 (59.6) | 3.91 (0.61) | 3.37 (0.73) | 3.64 (0.59) | 117 (29.7) | 277 (70.3) | ||
| p value | <0.001† | 0.851† | 0.035† | <0.001* | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||
| <25 (normal) | 259 (44.6) | 3.91 (0.63) | 3.39 (0.74) | 3.65 (0.59) | 91 (30.8) | 204 (69.2) | ||
| 25–30 (Pre-obesity) | 325 (49.2) | 3.76 (0.63) | 3.32 (0.64) | 3.54 (0.55) | 142 (43.7) | 183 (56.3) | ||
| >30 (obesity) | 41 (6.2) | 3.82 (0.64) | 3.42 (0.66) | 3.62 (0.57) | 22 (53.7) | 19 (46.3) | ||
| p value | 0.018† | 0.395† | 0.063† | 0.001* | ||||
| Smoking habit | ||||||||
| Yes | 244 (36.9) | 3.74 (0.65) | 3.29 (0.64) | 3.52 (0.56) | 119 (48.8) | 125 (51.2) | ||
| No | 417 (63.1) | 3.88 (0.62) | 3.40 (0.71) | 3.64 (0.57) | 136 (32.6) | 281 (67.4) | ||
| p value | 0.007‡ | 0.060‡ | 0.008‡ | <0.001* | ||||
| Job tenure (yrs) | ||||||||
| <5 | 226 (34.2) | 3.94 (0.60) | 3.37 (0.74) | 3.66 (0.57) | 69 (30.5) | 157 (69.5) | ||
| 5–15 | 284 (43.0) | 3.83 (0.66) | 3.41 (0.67) | 3.62 (0.58) | 106 (37.3) | 178 (62.7) | ||
| >15 | 151 (22.8) | 3.66 (0.62) | 3.25 (0.62) | 3.45 (0.55) | 255 (38.6) | 71 (61.4) | ||
| p value | 0.001† | 0.059† | 0.002† | <0.001* | ||||
| ESS | ||||||||
| Normal | 435 (65.8) | 4.00 (0.59) | 3.47 (0.73) | 3.73 (0.56) | 141 (32.4) | 294 (67.6) | ||
| Abnormal (>10) | 183 (27.7) | 3.41 (0.58) | 3.10 (0.51) | 3.25 (0.49) | 107 (58.5) | 76 (41.5) | ||
| p value | <0.001‡ | <0.001‡ | <0.001‡ | 0.001* | ||||
| STOP-BANG | ||||||||
| Normal | 451 (68.2) | 4.05 (.55) | 3.49 (.71) | 3.77 (.54) | 124 (29.9) | 291(70.1) | ||
| Abnormal (≥3) | 207 (31.3) | 3.36 (.55) | 3.10 (.54) | 3.21 (.45) | 131 (53.3) | 115 (46.7) | ||
| p value | <0.001‡ | <0.001‡ | 0.001‡ | <0.001* | ||||
| †One-way ANOVA, ‡Student's t test for independent samples; *Pearson χ2 | ||||||||
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