Table 7.
Properties of Catalysts Used in Biogas Reforming
| Catalyst | BET Surface Area (m2/g) | Pore Volume (cm3/g) | Pore Size (Å) | Basic Sites (mmol/g) | Metal Dispersion (%) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiO-MgO cordierite | 40.2 | – | – | – | – | (Wang et al., 2010) |
| NixMg1-xO | 65–115 | 0.50–1.08 | 260–494 | – | – | (Zanganeh et al., 2013) |
| Al2O3 | 192 | 0.30 | 63–75 | – | – | (Ding and Yan, 2002, Zou et al., 2016) |
| Co/Al2O3 | 118–144 | 0.23–0.24 | 66–78 | – | – | (Ding and Yan, 2002) |
| Ni/Al2O3 | 130 | 0.24 | 75 | 0.03 | 1.0 | (Ding and Yan, 2002, García-Vargas et al., 2014) |
| Ni/ZrO2 | 128 | 0.16 | 51 | 0.002 | 0.3–2.0 | (Kumar et al., 2019, Singha et al., 2016a, Song et al., 2010) |
| ZrO2 | 130 | 0.11 | 35 | – | – | (Singha et al., 2016a, Song et al., 2010) |
| Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 | 93–232 | 0.06–0.40 | 32–57 | – | – | (Sukonket et al., 2011) |
| Ni/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 | 59–215 | 0.06–0.30 | 41–53 | – | 4.2–7.4 | (Sukonket et al., 2011) |
| Ni/CeO2 | 1.8–9.2 | 0.02–0.08 | 89 | 0.02 | ~1 | (Pal et al., 2015, Pino et al., 2011, Singha et al., 2016a, Vita et al., 2014) |
| Ni-Mg/β-SiC | 21 | 0.09 | – | 0.01 | – | (García-Vargas et al., 2015) |
| Ni-alumina aerogel | 370 | 1.18 | 127 | – | 19 | (Yoo et al., 2015) |
| Ni-alumina xerogel | 322 | 0.58 | 72 | – | 12 | (Yoo et al., 2015) |
| Ni/SiC | 26 | 0.18 | – | 0.003 | 1.6 | (García-Vargas et al., 2014) |
| Ni/YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) | 11 | 0.06 | – | 0.02 | 1.5 | (García-Vargas et al., 2014) |
| Ni/zeolite L | 95 | 0.45 | 96 | – | 4.7 | (Izquierdo et al., 2014) |
| Rh-Ni/zeolite L | 64 | 0.63 | 198 | – | 10.5 | (Izquierdo et al., 2014) |
| Mg/CeO2-ZrO2 | 138 | 0.16 | 45 | – | – | (Kumar et al., 2019, Singha et al., 2016a) |
| Ni/MgO | 241 | 0.74 | 124 | – | 0.6 | (Kumar et al., 2019, Singha et al., 2016a) |
| Ni/Ce0.15Zr0.85O2 | 122 | 0.18 | 61 | – | – | (Kumar et al., 2019, Singha et al., 2016a) |
| Ni-Mg/CeO2-ZrO2 | 126–133 | 0.18–0.20 | 46–47 | – | – | (Kumar et al., 2019, Singha et al., 2016a) |
| Ce/Al2O3 | 195 | 0.76 | 150 | – | – | (Izquierdo et al., 2013) |
| Zr/Al2O3 | 180 | 0.67 | 144 | – | – | (Izquierdo et al., 2013) |
| Ni-Ce/Al2O3 | 163 | 0.59 | 144 | – | 0.06 | (Izquierdo et al., 2013) |
| Ni-Ce-Zr/Al2O3 | 151 | 0.60 | 153 | – | 0.08 | (Izquierdo et al., 2013) |
| Rh-Ni-Ce/Al2O3 | 157 | 0.60 | 150 | – | 0.12 | (Izquierdo et al., 2013) |
| NiMo-C | 138 | 0.27 | 73 | – | – | (Zou et al., 2016) |
| NiMoC-La | 143 | 0.27 | 73 | – | – | (Zou et al., 2016) |
| NiMoC-Co | 130 | 0.25 | 74 | – | – | (Zou et al., 2016) |
| NiMoC-K | 104 | 0.18 | 62 | – | – | (Zou et al., 2016) |
| Ni/CeO2-ZrO2 | 4 | – | – | 0.0008 | 1.5 | (Kumar et al., 2019) |
| Ni/SBA-15 | 36 | – | – | 0.004 | 2.2 | (Kumar et al., 2019) |
| Ni-Y/KIT-6 | 199 | 0.2 | 40 | – | – | (Świrk et al., 2019) |
| Ru/SiO2 | 930 | 1.01 | 48 | – | – | (Das et al., 2019) |
| Sr0.92Y0.08Ti1-xRuxO3-d | 37 | 0.27 | 296 | – | – | (Kim et al., 2019a) |
See also Table S3.