. 2019 Aug 31;132(6):839–855. doi: 10.1007/s10265-019-01135-5

Table 3.

Activities of photosynthetic enzymes in leaves of Chenopodium species and control C₄ species of Amaranthus

Species (locality)	Rubisco (μmol mg chl⁻¹ h⁻¹)	PEPC (μmol mg chl⁻¹ h⁻¹)	NADP-ME (μmol mg chl⁻¹ h⁻¹)	NAD-ME (μmol mg chl⁻¹ h⁻¹)
C. atrovirens	479.1 ± 105.7^bedef	27.9 ± 24.0^a	4.0 ± 0.7^a	4.1 ± 0.9^a
C. pallidicaule	353.6 ± 115.3^abcd	73.3 ± 4.0^a	5.4 ± 2.3^ab	19.8 ± 9.8^a
C. quinoa	426.7 ± 60.2^abcdef	124.5 ± 11.9^a	ND	ND
C. standleyanum	308.5 ± 16.6^abe	23.9 ± 1.2^a	4.3 ± 2.1^a	5.8 ± 1.4^a
C. vulvaria	575.8 ± 120.4^cdef	39.2 ± 33.5^a	14.7 ± 3.5^ab	31.7 ± 11.5^a
Non-Kranz type average	428.7 ± 105.2y	57.8 ± 42.1x	7.1 ± 5.1x	15.4 ± 13.0x
C. album (India)	395.8 ± 151.3^abcdef	34.3±2.0^a	10.3 ± 6.3^ab	11.3 ± 5.0^a
C. album (Fukuoka, Japan)	239.3 ± 22.8^ab	87.2 ± 7.3^a	ND	ND
C. album (Poland)	645.0 ± 58.2^ef	80.3 ± 10.5^a	13.2 ± 7.5^ab	10.8 ± 5.3^a
C. album (Tsukuba, Japan)	411.0 ± 58.9^abcdef	74.2 ± 22.2^a	ND	ND
C. berlandieri	367.1 ± 24.6^abcd	37.9 ± 7.0^a	6.8 ± 0.7^ab	22.5 ± 2.2^a
C. ficifolium	474.4 ± 26.9^bcdef	82.3 ± 6.9^a	ND	ND
C. formosanum	377.8 ± 86.1^abcde	33.2 ± 3.2^a	6.6 ± 1.1^ab	9.6 ± 1.6^a
C. giganteum	178.8 ± 65.4^a	33.7 ± 24.7^a	3.7 ± 1.1^a	6.8 ± 2.5^a
C. nevadense	585.3 ± 82.1^def	41.1 ± 9.7^a	11.7 ± 3.4^ab	25.3 ± 11.4^a
Proto-Kranz type average	408.3 ± 148.2y	56.0 ± 24.0x	8.7 ± 3.6x	14.4 ± 7.6x
C. album (Arizona, USA)	382.4 ± 86.7^abcdef	37.4 ± 36.9^a	7.1 ± 1.1^ab	6.0 ± 2.9^a
C. strictum	654.2 ± 157.9^f	71.8 ± 6.1^a	5.6 ± 3.3^ab	5.9 ± 4.0^a
Kranz-like type average	518.3 ± 192.2y	54.6 ± 24.3x	6.4 ± 1.1x	6.0 ± 0.1x
A. dubius	193.8 ± 60.1^a	596.5 ± 105.1^b	19.6 ± 1.4^b	82.8 ± 19.7^ab
A. hybridus	231.1 ± 87.9^ab	564.4 ± 138.8^b	45.0 ± 23.1^c	201.3 ± 155.1^b
C₄ type average	212.5 ± 70.4x	580.5 ± 111.5y	32.3 ± 20.2y	142.0 ± 118.3y

For each species, values are given as the mean ± SD of three plants. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05

ND not determined