Table 1.

Causative Factors of an Isolated Elevated Bilirubin Level by Mechanism

Overproduction of Bilirubin
Hemolytic anemias Intrinsic erythrocyte abnormalities Immune mediated Mechanical destruction
Dyserythropoiesis (e.g., vitamin/mineral deficiencies)
Hematoma resorption
Massive blood transfusion
Impaired hepatocellular uptake
Medications (e.g., rifampin, cyclosporine)
Rotor syndrome
Impaired bilirubin conjugation
Medications (e.g., protease inhibitors)
Gilbert’s syndrome
Crigler‐Najjar syndrome (types I and II)
Impaired hepatic excretion
DJ