Table 1.
Comparison of clinical features between deceased and survival patients
| Variable | Total (n = 693) |
Deceased group (n = 136) |
Survival group (n = 557) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 461 (66.5) | 92 (67.6) | 369 (66.2) | 0.757 |
| Age ≥ 65 years (n, %) | 272 (39.2) | 60 (44.1) | 212 (38.1) | 0.195 |
| Obesity (n, %)a | 48 (6.9) | 0 (0.0) | 48 (8.6) | < 0.001 |
| Pregnancy (n, %) | 8 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (1.4) | 0.338 |
| Smoking history (n, %)a | 243 (35.1) | 68 (50.0) | 175 (31.4) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidities (n, %) | ||||
| Cardiovascular diseasea | 136 (19.6) | 48 (35.3) | 88 (15.8) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 92 (13.3) | 14 (10.3) | 78 (14.0) | 0.253 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 72 (10.4) | 10 (7.4) | 62 (11.1) | 0.195 |
| COPDa | 40 (5.8) | 3 (2.2) | 37 (6.6) | 0.047 |
| Asthma | 19 (2.7) | 2 (1.5) | 17 (3.1) | 0.222 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 16 (2.3) | 6 (4.4) | 10 (1.8) | 0.139 |
| Malignant solid tumor | 16 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (2.9) | 0.193 |
| Clinical and radiologic characteristics (n, %) | ||||
| Respiratory rates ≥30 times/min | 121 (17.5) | 25 (18.4) | 96 (17.2) | 0.752 |
| Mental confusiona | 32 (4.6) | 32 (23.5) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| SBP < 90 mmHg | 8 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (1.4) | 0.338 |
| Leukocytes > 10 × 109/La | 118 (17.0) | 42 (30.9) | 76 (13.6) | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocytes < 0.8 × 109/La | 299/677 (44.2) | 120 (88.2) | 179/541 (33.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hb < 100 g/La | 69 (10.0) | 34 (25.0) | 35 (6.3) | < 0.001 |
| ALB < 35 g/La | 58/639 (9.1) | 12/131 (9.2) | 46/508 (9.1) | 0.970 |
| BUN > 7 mmol/La | 183/685 (26.7) | 97 (71.3) | 86/549 (15.7) | < 0.001 |
| BG > 14 mmol/L | 8 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (1.4) | 0.288 |
| Arterial PH < 7.35a | 120/639 (18.8) | 60 (44.1) | 60/503 (11.9) | < 0.001 |
| pO2/FiO2 ≤ 250 mmHga | 172/639 (26.9) | 28 (20.6) | 144/503 (28.6) | 0.061 |
| Multilobar infiltratesa | 546 (78.8) | 120 (88.2) | 426 (76.5) | 0.003 |
| Pleural effusiona | 120 (17.3) | 36 (26.5) | 84 (15.1) | < 0.001 |
| Coinfections (n, %)a | 265 (38.2) | 84 (61.8) | 181 (32.5) | < 0.001 |
| Early NAI use (n, %)a | 232 (33.5) | 60 (43.4) | 172 (30.9) | 0.003 |
| Systemic corticosteroid use (n, %)a | 132 (19.0) | 60 (44.1) | 72 (12.9) | < 0.001 |
| Noninvasive ventilation (n,%) | 159 (22.9) | 71 (52.2) | 88 (15.8) | < 0.001 |
| Invasive ventilation (n,%) | 158 (22.8) | 86 (63.2) | 72 (12.9) | < 0.001 |
| Admittance to ICU (n,%) | 176 (25.4) | 92 (67.6) | 84 (15.1) | < 0.001 |
The bolded values are p-values < 0.05, which represented significant differences between survival group and deceased group
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SBP systolic blood pressure, Hb hemoglobin, ALB albumin, BUN blood urea nitrogen, BG blood glucose, pO2/FiO2 arterial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspiration oxygen, NAI neuraminidase inhibitor
avariables cited in the table above were the candidates which were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model