Table 1.
GRADE Summary of the evidence
| Number of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | ANTICIPATED ABSOLUTE EFFECTS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative effects (%) | Absolute effect with intervention [95% CI] | |||
| HOME EXERCISE INTERVENTION | ||||
| Bibliography: Batchelor et al., (2012); Sherrington et al. (2014); Haines et al. (2009) | ||||
| Incident rate of falls Pooled | N = 525 participants (three studies) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝VERY LOW1,2 due to inconsistency and imprecision | – | Risk ratio for falls in the intervention groups was 1.27 [0.99–1.62] |
| Incident rate ratio of falls injury rate Pooled | N = 525 (three studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝LOW1 due to imprecision | – | Risk ratio for falls injuries in the intervention groups was 1.16 [0.83–1.63] |
| Proportion of fallers Pooled | N = 369 (two studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATE | – | Odds ratio for proportion of fallers with intervention was 1.74 [1.17, 2.60] |
| NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION | ||||
| Bibliography: Neelmaat et al. (2012) | ||||
| Proportion of fallers | N = 210 (one study) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝LOW due to only one study | – | Hazard ratio for proportion of fallers with intervention was 0.41 [0.19, 0.86] |
1Imprecision: the 95% CI of the pooled estimate included one or no effect.
2Inconsistency: heterogeneity may be explained by the differing characteristics of the populations, content and duration of the intervention across the studies.
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.
The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
GRADEpro GDT: GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool [Software]. McMaster University, 2015 (developed by Evidence Prime, Inc.). http://www.gradepro.org [Accessed 16 March 2017].