| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| ACTRN12616001411437 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| ACTRN12617001352392 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (intervention focused on hypertension medications only) |
| Adams 2015 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors did not collect numbers of medications) |
| Ahmad 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Al‐Asseri 2001 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Al‐Khadra 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Allen 1986 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Allen 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Altavela 2008 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Alvarez 2001 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Ansari 2017 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Ansari 2017a | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Antoniades 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Antonicelli 2008 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Artinian 2003 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (no response from trial author) |
| Ascione 1984 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (intervention and outcome only at CV medications, average 2) |
| Bailey 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Barker 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Basger 2015 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Basheti 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Bennett 2003 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Bhattacharya, 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (3 weeks) |
| Biese 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (conference paper for 2014 paper) |
| Biese 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Biese 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Bilotta 2011 | EXCLUDE study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Birtwhistle 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Biswas 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (numbers of medications data not collected) |
| Blenkinsopp 2000 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (antihypertensives only) |
| Bogner 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Bolas 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Bolton 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Bonetti 2018 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Boult 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Branda 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Braun 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Broadbent 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (assessed respiratory medications only) |
| Bronson 1986 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Bryant 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Bryson 2008 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Burrelle 1986 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Caetano 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (diabetes medications only) |
| Calvert 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Cedilnik 2016 | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer (directed at GP) |
| Chan 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Chan 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Chau 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Chen 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Choudhry 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Chow 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Clarkesmith 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Clemson 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Clifford 2006 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Coleman 1999 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Coombes 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (looking only at adherence to medications for secondary prevention of stroke ‐ between 1 and 3 medications/person) |
| Costa 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Cotterell 1992 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Coull 2004 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (no contact with trial authors) |
| Criswell 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Crotty 2005 | EXCLUDE Setting = participants not living in community nor discharged from hospital to community |
| Crowley 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Ctri 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Cummings 2019 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| D'Agostino 2006 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Damush 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Damush 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Day 1992 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Day 1998 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| De Azevedo 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| de Lusignan 2001 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Denneboom 2007 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Denneboom 2008 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Dickson 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Dorje 2018 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Doucette 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Doughty 2002 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Doyon 2009 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Drenth‐van 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Drks 2014 | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer |
| Drks 2015 | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer |
| Dunn 1995 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Duong 1996 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Eggink 2010 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence 23 days) |
| Eikelenboom 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Elliott 2008 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (new medicines only) |
| Elliott 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Ellis 2000 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Enguidanos 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Epstein 1990 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Esposito 1995 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (assumed given low MCI scores) |
| Evans 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fabacher 1994 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Fan 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Farmer 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fernandes 2012 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (intervention targeting hypertension only) |
| Fernando 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fernley 1983 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence 7 to 10 days) |
| Ferrat 2018 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Figar 2006 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Fikri‐Benbrahim 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fikri‐Benbrahim 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fincher 2009 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Finley 2003 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fischer 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fortney 2007 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fortney 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Fortney 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Frennet 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Frey 2001 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Friedman 1996 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Fugazzaro 2016 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT (non‐randomised as per 2018 paper) |
| Fulmer 1999 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (capped maximum 4 medications per person, hence average < 4) |
| Gabriel 1977 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Gamboa 2019 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Garcao 2002 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Garcia 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Garza 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Gellis 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Gialamas 2009 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors did not collect numbers of medications) |
| Gould 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Grant 2003 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Green 2008 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence to antihypertensives only) |
| Grice 2014 | EXCLUDE Setting = participants not living in community nor discharged from hospital to community |
| Gujral 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Gums 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Gwadry‐Sridhar 2005 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Han 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Hansen 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Haramiova 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (protocol only, blood pressure‐lowering medication only) |
| Harari 2008 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Hawe 1990 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Hayes 1998 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Hedegaard 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Heisler 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Heisler 2011 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability (conference abstract for 2012 paper) |
| Heisler 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Heisler 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Hesselink 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Ho 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Hohmann 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Holdford 2013 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Horton 2017 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Hsieh 2008 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (TB meds only) |
| Huang 2018 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Hugtenburg 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Hunter 1996 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Hyrkas 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Insel 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence to 1 medicine only) |
| IRCT20110728007143N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT201306297531N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT2014050617596N | EXCLUDE Participants mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| IRCT2015090513092N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT2016082129448N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT2016090629728N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT2016120731290N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| IRCT20171125037616N | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence not assessed for all medications) |
| IRCT20171213037859N | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| IRCT20180513039646N | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| ISRCTN03155973 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| ISRCTN12752680 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability. Note: secondary outcomes were changed 17/07/17; adherence was previously listed but was no longer included in the study protocol |
| ISRCTN18285541 | EXCLUDE Medications ‐ unable to determine if eligible as study never completed. "Investigators decided to close the clinical trial because the rate of inclusion of patients was being so slow that it was impossible to reach the necessary number in a reasonable time". Dr. José Luis González Guerrero (joselglezg@gmail.com) |
| Jager 2017 | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer (GP is participant) |
| Jager 2017a | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer |
| Jahangard‐Rafsanjani 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Jarab 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Jarab 2012a | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Jensen 2003 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Jerant 2003 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors did not collect numbers of medications) |
| Jiang 2007 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Johnson‐Warrington 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (COPD only) |
| Johnston 2000 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Junling 2015 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Kalichman 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Karagiannis 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (diabetic medications only) |
| Kaukab 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kaur 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kavin 2010 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Kelly 1990 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kempen 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Keyserling 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Khan 2019 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Khonsari 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Khunti 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kim 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence to BP medications only) |
| Kim 2015 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Kim 2015a | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kimball 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Koberlein‐Neu 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Kogos 2004 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Kono 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Kotowycz 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kozuki 2006 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kraemer 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kranker 2018 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Krass 2007 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Kripalani 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Kripalani 2012a | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Krishnamurthi 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (TB medications only) |
| Krishnaswami 1981 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Krishnaveni 2019 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Kutzleb 2006 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Lalonde 2017 | EXCLUDE Intervention = not directed at consumer nor carer |
| Lam 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (antihypertensives only) |
| Lam 2017 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Lange 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Laramee 2003 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors did not collect information) |
| Laufs 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence measure not for all medications) |
| Leavitt 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Lei 2019 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Leiva‐Fernandez 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (COPD only) |
| Lenaghan 2007 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Lerma 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Levine 1979 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Levy 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Li 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Li 2013 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Li‐Hong 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Lin 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Lluch‐Canut 2006 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Lowe 1995 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence measured at 10 days) |
| Lowe 2000 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Lu 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Luttik 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (total unknown, adherence for individual medication classes only) |
| Ma 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| MacDonald 1977 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Mackenzie 2013 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Maduka 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Magid 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Maislos 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Malet‐Larrea 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Maly 1999 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Margolius 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Marin 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Marquez Contreras 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Martin 1982 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (total not provided, low medication regimen complexity) |
| Martin 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Martinez 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Matsuyama 1993 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Mazzuca 1986 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| McCarthy 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| McCarthy 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| McGeoch 2006 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Mehos 2000 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Mehuys 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Mehuys 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Meredith 2002 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Michiels 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications ‐ data on number of medications not collected, thus unable to determine eligibility |
| Miller 1988 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Miller 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Mitchell 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Moczygemba 2012 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Moorhead 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Moreno 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Morisky 1990 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Morrison 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Mullan 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Muniz 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Murray 2007 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| NCT00838344 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (diabetic medication only) |
| NCT01144182 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| NCT01271985 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| NCT01404988 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence not measured for all medications) |
| NCT01914588 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| NCT02035566 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence not measured for all medications) |
| NCT02140619 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤4 (persistence to statin or antiplatelet only) |
| NCT02490423 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years (mean age 63.2 as per investigator, Dr. Horne) |
| NCT02697422 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| NCT02905474 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years (mean age 57 as per trial author email) |
| NCT03342729 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Nesari 2010 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Newman 2016 | EXCLUDE study design: not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Nguyen 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Nishita 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Noureldin 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| NTR2288, 2010 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Obreli‐Neto 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Ogedegbe 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Oliveira‐Filho 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Oonk 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Ostbring 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence measured 2 weeks after intervention) |
| Ostovaneh 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Park 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Parker 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Pearl 2003 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Peng 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Perl 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Persaud 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Peters‐Klimm 2010 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Phumipamorn 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Pitner 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Pladevall 2010 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Pladevall 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Plant 2015, ACTRN12609000554268 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Polack 2008 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Ponnusankar 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Powers 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (CVD adherence only; email sent to trial authors for actual number of medications but no response) |
| Pringle 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Pérez‐Escamilla 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Radini 2017 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Ramaekers 2009 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors provided no additional information) |
| Ramanath 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Ravn‐Nielsen 2018 | EXCLUDE Setting = participants not all living in community or discharged from hospital to community (possibility of subgroup analyses not explored as adherence data were not available) |
| Raynor 1993 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Reed 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications ‐ unable to determine eligibility as data on number of medications not collected |
| Richmond 2010 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Roden 1985 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Rose 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Rothschild 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Rozenfeld 1999 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence only to 1 or 2 CV medications) |
| Rubak 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Rytter 2010 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Safren 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Salisbury 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (trials authors collected only info on CVD medications) |
| Samtia 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Sanchez 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence at 7 days only) |
| Sandler 1989 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Schneider 2008 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence to lisinopril only) |
| Schou 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Schou 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability (conference abstract to 2013 paper) |
| Schwalm 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Schwartz 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Schwartz 2017 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Scott 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Selak 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Shah 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence 7 to 14 days only) |
| Sherrard 2009 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Sherrard 2015 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Shuster 1998 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Sidel 1990 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Simkins 1986 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Simoni 2011 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Sit 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Sledge 2006 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Smith 1997 | EXCLUDE Outcome = follow‐up too short (adherence measured at 7 to 10 days only) |
| Smith 2004 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Smith 2007 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (no information available from trial authors) |
| Soloman 1998 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Sookaneknun 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Soong 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Souter 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Stange 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Stanhope 2013 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Strobach 2000 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Stromberg 2005 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Sweeney 1989 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Tai 2014 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Touchette, 2012 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Towfighi 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Tu 1999 | EXCLUDE Setting = participants not living in community or discharged from hospital to community |
| Tu 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (hypertensive medications only) |
| Vaillant‐Roussel 2016 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Valimaki 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Varleta 2017 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years, or more than 20% aged 65 years |
| Varma 1999 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (trial authors did not collect this information) |
| Verbeek 2016 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Via‐Sosa 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Villani 2014 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine whether > 4 medications (no response from trial authors) |
| Vinks 2009 | EXCLUDE Study design not RCT, cluster‐RCT, nor quasi‐RCT |
| Vivian 2002 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Vollmer 2014 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Wakefield 2011 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Wakefield 2012 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Wandless 1981 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 |
| Wang 2013 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Wild 2016 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Williams 2004 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (adherence to diabetic medication only) |
| Williford 1995 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Yatabe 2018 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (hypertension medications only) |
| Yu 2012 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Zermansky 2002 | EXCLUDE Outcome = not medication adherence nor medication‐taking ability |
| Zhao 2004 | EXCLUDE Participant mean age ≤ 65 years |
| Zhao 2015 | EXCLUDE Medications = unable to determine if > 4 medications (trial authors did not provide information regarding number of medications) |
| 李静, 2017 | EXCLUDE Medications < 4 regular medications or group mean ≤ 4 (hypertension medications only) |
BP: blood pressure.
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
CV: cardiovascular.
CVD: cardiovascular disease.
GP: general practitioner.
RCT: randomised controlled trial.
TB: tuberculosis.