Fig. 3.

Mouse BMSCs proliferated on 3D RAS and VAS. (A) The distribution of mouse BMSCs in the center and the edge of 1-mm thick, RAS or VAS after culturing for 9 days. (B) The rapid proliferation of mouse BMSCs on 1-mm thick, RAS and VAS after culturing for 1, 5, 9 and 14 days, respectively (n=6). (C) The increased expression of growth factors (VEGF, PDGF-BB, bFGF), migration related genes (TGF-β1, CXCR4), and decreased expression of type 1 collagen of BMSCs cultured on 1-mm thick, RAS or VAS for 5 and 9 days (n=9). RAS: Radially aligned scaffolds, VAS: Vertically aligned scaffolds. The data are presented as the mean ± S.D. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.