Table 1.
Epidemiological and clinical outcomes of neonates born to COVID-19 mothers.
| Zhu et al. 2020 [25] | Khan et al. 2020 [11] | Li et al. 2020 [10] |
Fan et al. 2020 [26] | Wang et al. 2020 [27] | Zeng et al. 2020 [27] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||||
| Number of newborn (twins) | 10 (2) | 3 (0) | 9 (0) | 2 (0) | 1 case report | 33 |
| Study time | 20 Jan 2020 to 05 Feb 2020 | 28 Jan 2020 to 1 March 2020 | 20 Jan 2020 to 31 Jan 2020 | 30 Jan 2020, 31 Jan 2020 | 1 Feb 2020 | |
| Country | China | China | China | China | China | China |
| Province | Hubei | Hubei, Wuhan | Hubei, Wuhan | Hubei, Wuhan | Hubei, Wuhan | Hubei, Wuhan |
| Maternal and Child Health Hospital | Renmin hospital | Zhongnan Hospital | Renmin Hospital | Tongji Hospital | fromWuhan Children's Hospital | |
| Maternal | ||||||
| Average age (Years) | 30 | 29.3 | 29.8 | 31.5 | 34 | |
| MOD | ||||||
| CS | 7/9 (77.8%) | 0/3 (0%) | 9/9 (100%) | 2/2 (100%) | CS | 26 (79%) |
| NVD | 2 (22.2%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (21%) | |
| Positive COVID-19 screening in the mother Nasopharyngeal/throat swab | 9 (100%) | 3 (100%) | 9 (100%) | 2 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 33 (100%) |
| Premature ROM | 3 (33.3%) | No | 1 (11.1%) | No | No | 3 (9%) |
| Neonate | ||||||
| Male | 8 (80%) | NA | NA | NA | 1 (100%) | 19 (57.5) |
| GA (Average) | 35 + 2 days | 37 + 3 days | 37 + 3 days | 40 | ||
| Birth weight, range, (Median) Kg | 1520 – 3800 (2,423) | 2890- 3730 (3,373) | 1880 – 3820(3011) | 2890 – 3400 (3145) | 3205 | |
| SGA | 2 (20%) | 0 (0 %) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 0/2 (0%) | No | 3 (9%) |
| Prematurity | 6 (60%) | 1 (33.3%) | 4 (44.4%) | 1 (50%) | No | 4 (12%) |
| Apgar score (average) | ||||||
| 1 min | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 9 | 8 | |
| 5 min | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 10 | 9 | |
| Clinical picture | ||||||
| SOB | 6/10 (60%) | No | No | 1/2 (50%) | No | 4 (12%) |
| Fever | 2/10 (20%) | No | No | 1/2 (50%) | No | 2 (6%) |
| Tachycardia | 1/10 (10%) | No | No | No | Yes | |
| GIT symptoms | 4/10 (10%) | No | No | 1/2 (50%) | Yes | 3 (9%) |
| Intrauterine Fetal distress | 6/10 (60%) | No | 2/9 (22.2%) | No | No | 2 (6%) |
| Chest-radiograph abnormality | 7/10 (70%) | NA | NA | 2/2 (100%) | yes | 3 (9%) |
| Laboratory | ||||||
| Thrombocytopenia | 2/10 (20%) | NA | NA | |||
| Lymphopenia | 1/7 (14%) | NA | NA | 2/2 (100%) | yes | 1 (3%) |
| Abnormal LFT | 2/10 (20%) | NA | NA | NA | AST (H) | No |
| T.Bil (μmol/l) | - | NA | NA | NA | 33 (H) | |
| D.Bil (μmol/l) | - | NA | NA | NA | 26 (H) | |
| CK (U/L) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 479 (H) | |
| COVID-19 screening in different samples | ||||||
| nasopharyngeal/throat swab | Negative 10/10 (100%) | Negative 3/3 (100%) | Negative 9/9 (100%) | Negative 2/2 (100%) | Positive | Positive 3/33 (9%) |
| Breast milk | NA | NA | Negative 9/9 (100%) | Negative 2/2 (100%) |
NA | NA |
| Amniotic fluid | NA | NA | Negative 9/9 (100%) | Negative 2/2 (100%) | NA | NA |
| Cord blood | NA | NA | Negative 9/9 (100%) | Negative 2/2 (100%) | Negative | NA |
| Placenta | NA | NA | NA | Negative 2/2 (100%) | Negative | NA |
| Vaginal swab | NA | NA | NA | Negative 2/2 (100%) | NA | NA |
| Neonatal Death | 1/10 (1%) | 0/3 (0%) | 0/9 (0%) | 0/2 (0%) | 0 % | NA |
Abbreviations: MOD, mode of Delivery; CS, caesarean section; NVD, normal vaginal delivery; GA, gestational age; ROM, rupture of membranes; SGA, small for gestational age; SOB, shortness of breath; GIT, gastrointestinal; T.Bil, total bilirubin; LFT, liver function tests; D.Bil, direct bilirubin; (H), high; NA, not available.