Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the total study sample and in relation to the primary outcomes (univariable analysis).
| All patients (n = 96) |
CD < 2 POCs (n = 58) |
CD ≥ 2 POCs (n = 38) |
P-value | LOS ≤ P751 (n = 70) |
LOS > P751 (n = 25) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 77 (73–82) | 76 (72–81) | 80.5 (73.8–84) | 0.035 | 76 (72–81) | 80 (75–84) | 0.011 |
| Gender, n (%) | |||||||
| Male | 48 (50.0) | 29 (50.0) | 19 (50.0) | 1.000 | 34 (48.6) | 13 (52.0) | 0.769 |
| Female | 48 (50.0) | 29 (50.0) | 19 (50.0) | 36 (51.4) | 12 (48.0) | ||
| Living situation, n (%) | |||||||
| at home | 89 (92.7) | 55 (94.8) | 34 (89.5) | 0.556 | 66 (94.3) | 22 (88.0) | 0.272 |
| assisted living facility | 3 (3.1) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (8.0) | ||
| nursing home | 4 (4.2) | 2 (3.4) | 2 (5.3) | 3 (4.3) | 1 (4.0) | ||
| fTRST-score ≥ 2, n (%) | 47 (49.0) | 24 (41.4) | 23 (60.5) | 0.066 | 28 (40.0) | 18 (72.0) | 0.006 |
| fTRST: living alone, n (%) | 25 (26.0) | 13 (22.4) | 12 (31.6) | 0.317 | 17 (24.3) | 7 (28.0) | 0.714 |
| fTRST: cognitive impairment, n (%) | 4 (4.2) | 1 (1.7) | 3 (7.9) | 0.297 | 3 (4.3) | 1 (4.0) | 1.000 |
| fTRST: impaired mobility, n (%) | 23 (24.0) | 12 (20.7) | 11 (28.9) | 0.654 | 11 (15.7) | 11 (44.0) | 0.004 |
| fTRST: polypharmacy2, n (%) | 60 (62.5) | 31 (53.4) | 29 (76.3) | 0.024 | 40 (57.1) | 20 (80.0) | 0.042 |
| fTRST: recent hospitalisation3, n (%) | 39 (40.6) | 23 (39.7) | 16 (42.1) | 0.811 | 26 (37.1) | 12 (48.0) | 0.342 |
| Number of medications, median (IQR) | 6 (4–8) | 5 (3–8) | 7 (4.75–8) | 0.040 | 5 (3–8) | 6 (5–8) | 0.243 |
| Nutrition risk4, n (% | |||||||
| 1 screening item positive | 27 (28.1) | 14 (24.1) | 13 (34.2) | 0.472 | 17 (24.3) | 9 (36.0) | 0.538 |
| 2 screening items positive | 5 (5.2) | 3 (5.2) | 2 (5.3) | 4 (5.7) | 1 (4.0) | ||
| 3 screening items positive | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | ||
| CCI, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–5) | 0.077 | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.378 |
| ACCI, median (IQR) | 6 (5–7.75) | 6 (5–7) | 7 (6–9) | 0.007 | 6 (5–7) | 7 (6–8) | 0.101 |
| BMI5, n (%) | |||||||
| 18.5–24.9 (normal) | 41 (42.7) | 28 (48.3) | 13 (34.2) | 0.078 | 30 (42.9) | 11 (44.0) | 0.956 |
| 25–29.9 (overweight) | 38 (39.6) | 23 (39.7) | 15 (39.5) | 28 (40.0) | 9 (36.0) | ||
| ≥ 30 (obese) | 17 (17.7) | 7 (12.1) | 10 (26.3) | 12 (17.1) | 5 (20.0) | ||
| ASA class, n (%) | |||||||
| ASA 1 | 2 (2.1) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (2.6) | 0.045 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0.009 |
| ASA 2 | 28 (29.2) | 22 (37.9) | 6 (15.8) | 27 (38.6) | 1 (4.0) | ||
| ASA 3 | 56 (58.3) | 30 (51.7) | 26 (68.4) | 37 (52.9) | 19 (76.0) | ||
| ASA 4 | 10 (10.4) | 5 (8.6) | 5 (13.2) | 6 (8.6) | 4 (16.0) | ||
| Type of surgery, n (%) | |||||||
| Ileocecal, right or left hemicolectomy | 38 (39.6) | 24 (41.4) | 14 (36.8) | 0.427 | 29 (41.4) | 8 (32.0) | 0.207 |
| Sigmoid, Hartmann | 21 (21.9) | 15 (25.9) | 6 (15.8) | 17 (24.3) | 4 (16.0) | ||
| Rectal | 34 (35.4) | 17 (29.3) | 17 (44.7) | 21 (30.0) | 13 (52.0) | ||
| Total colectomy or proctocolectomy | 3 (3.1) | 2 (3.4) | 1 (2.6) | 3 (4.3) | 0 (0) | ||
| Site of surgery, n (%) | |||||||
| Colon or total | 61 (63.5) | 41 (70.7) | 20 (52.6) | 0.072 | 48 (68.6) | 12 (48.0) | 0.067 |
| Rectum | 35 (36.5) | 17 (29.3) | 18 (47.4) | 22 (31.4) | 13 (52.0) | ||
| Surgical approach, n (%) | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 71 (74.0) | 46 (79.3) | 25 (65.8) | 0.140 | 56 (80.0) | 14 (56.0) | 0.019 |
| Open or converted | 25 (26.0) | 12 (20.7) | 13 (34.2) | 14 (20.0) | 11 (44.0) | ||
| Stoma6, n (%) | 33 (34.4) | 16 (27.6) | 17 (44.7) | 0.084 | 19 (27.1) | 14 (56.0) | 0.009 |
| Other surgical procedures, n (%) | 16 (16.7) | 8 (13.8) | 8 (21.1) | 0.351 | 9 (12.9) | 7 (28.0) | 0.118 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 72 (75.0) | 40 (69.0) | 32 (84.2) | 0.092 | 50 (71.4) | 21 (84.0) | 0.214 |
| Preoperative chemotherapy, n (%) | 11 (11.5) | 6 (10.3) | 5 (13.2) | 0.748 | 5 (7.1) | 6 (24.0) | 0.034 |
| Preoperative radiotherapy, n (%) | 13 (13.5) | 6 (10.3) | 7 (18.4) | 0.258 | 5 (7.1) | 8 (32.0) | 0.004 |
ACCI: Age Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body Mass Index; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CD: Clavien-Dindo severity grade; fTRST: Flemish version of the Triage Risk Screening Tool; IQR: interquartile range; LOS: (postoperative) length of stay; n: number; POCs: postoperative complications;
175th percentile = 10.75 days (only patients discharged alive were considered);
2≥5 medications;
3hospitalised in the last 3 months;
4Nutrition Risk Screening according to the NRS-2002;
5none with BMI <18.5 = underweight;
6colo- or ileostomy