Figure 4.

Scent delivery by strepsirrhine primates, showing diverse marking postures, including male (a) sternal marking by a black-and-white ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra) and (b) head marking by a red-fronted lemur (Eulemur rubriventer), or ambisexual (c) genital marking by the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta), (d) urogenital marking by the Coquerel's sifaka (Propithecus coquereli), and (e) social marking between crowned lemur (Eulemur coronatus) mates. Terrestrial lemurs (c) use hand stands to deposit genital secretions at nose level, whereas arboreal lemurs (d) use vertical clinging. Photos (a–c) courtesy of David Haring, Duke Lemur Center; photos (d,e) courtesy of Lydia Greene.